A treatise on some of the insects injurious to vegetation

Flint, Charles Louis; Harris, Thaddeus William

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.19349

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…By exerting a selective, topical, anti-inflammatory effect on the bronchial mucous membrane it is able, as this trial shows, to control asthma as well as prednisolone given by mouth. In healthy volunteers who received up to 4 mg of beclomethasone dipropionate by mouth and 2 mg by inhalation for periods of 48 hours, their 24-hour urinary 17-oxogenic excretion rate remained within normal limits (Harris, 1972). The inhaled dose in the volunteer study was over six times the dose which in this trial successfully controlled the patients' asthma, as the FEV1, VC, and PEFR measurements show.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Comparison of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Aerosol and Prednisolone in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Lal¹,

Harris²,

Bhalla³

et al. 1972

BMJ

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in the patient's preference of the two treatment groups or in the number of times they used their bronchodilator aerosol, or in the forced expiratory volume in one second, vital capacity, or peak expfratory flow rate in the two treatment groups. The plasma cortisol levels when the patients were on the aerosol were much higher than when they were on prednisolone. The use of inhaled aerosol steroids seems to be preferable as it eliminates the usual complications of oral steroid therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Comparison of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Aerosol and Prednisolone in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Lal¹,

Harris²,

Bhalla³

et al. 1972

BMJ

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show abstract

“…Transcriptional Activation-The AR in LNCaP cells contains a point mutation in its ligand binding domain that confers the ability to be responsive to anti-androgens and a variety of steroids besides DHT (53)(54)(55). To confirm that DHT was functioning through a classical steroid-steroid receptor interaction, we co-transfected HeLa cells, which do not contain AR, with pGL2-IL6p(Ϫ1200) and various concentrations of CMV-AR, which encodes wild-type human AR.…”

Section: Il-6 Promotermentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of NFκB Activity through Maintenance of IκBα Levels Contributes to Dihydrotestosterone-mediated Repression of the Interleukin-6 Promoter

Keller

Chang

Ershler

1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

133

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Androgens repress expression of many genes, yet the mechanism of this activity has remained elusive. The cytokine, interleukin-6, is active in a variety of biological systems, and its expression is repressed by androgens. Accordingly we dissected the mechanism of androgen's ability to inhibit interleukin-6 expression at the molecular level. In a series of co-transfection assays, we found that 5␣-dihydrotestosterone, through the androgen receptor, repressed activation of the interleukin-6 promoter, in part, by inhibiting NFB activity. It did not appear that 5␣-dihydrotestosterone inhibited NFB by activating the androgen receptor to compete for the NFB response element as we could not detect androgen receptor binding to the IL-6 promoter by DNase I footprinting assay. However, by electrophoretic mobility shift assay we found that 5␣-dihydrotestosterone repressed formation of NFB⅐NFB response element complex formation. In LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells, 5␣-dihydrotestosterone achieved this effect through maintenance of IB␣ protein levels in the face of phorbol ester, a stimulus that results in IB␣ degradation. Finally, we confirmed that IB␣ inhibits NFB-mediated activation of the interleukin-6 promoter. These data suggest that maintenance of IB␣ levels may represent the first identified mechanism for androgen-mediated repression of a natural androgen-regulated gene.Androgen hormones modulate expression of many genes, and both androgen-inducible (reviewed in Refs. 1, 2) and androgenrepressed (3-18) genes have been described. Androgen induction of transcription is mediated through the androgen receptor (AR), 1 a member of the steroid hormone receptor family. The AR is a 110-kDa nuclear protein (19,20) that consists of transactivation, DNA binding, nuclear localization, dimerization, and ligand binding domains (reviewed in Ref. 21). The AR activates gene transcription by specific binding to a DNA sequence, the androgen response element (ARE), in a liganddependent manner. The consensus ARE is similar to the glucocorticoid response element (GRE) (22) and as such can be stimulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR). However, there are AREs that favor AR-induced transcriptional activation over that of . Although the ARE confers AR-mediated transcriptional activation on a gene, to date there has been no documentation of its ability to play a role in androgen-mediated repression of transcription.Transcriptional repression of genes is a vital component for modulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Major mechanisms responsible for negative regulation of eukaryotic gene expression include cytoplasmic sequestration of transcription factors, blocking of transcription factor response elements, direct inhibition of transcription factors by protein-protein interactions, interference with trans-activation of DNA-bound transcription factors, and direct inhibition of transcription by binding to the promoter (reviewed in Refs. 27-33). Whether one of these mechanisms or some other mechanism accounts for AR's ability to repress transcrip...

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“…Instances of toxicity resulting from inadvertent ingestion or application of other transdermal products by minors have been reported. [6][7][8][9][10] Although each nicotine transdermal patch contains enough nicotine for an oral dose to be potentially harmful, pharmacokinetic considerations suggest that such a problem is @ Abstract published in Advance ACS Abstracts, November 15, 1994. unlikely. The oral bioavailability of nicotine is only about 45% due primarily to first-pass metabolism by the liver, which converts nicotine to inactive metabolites such as c0tinine.l' In addition, the rate of systemic absorption of nicotine depends on the gastrointestinal pH to which the ingested product is exposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption and Adverse Effects following Topical and Oral Administration of Three Transdermal Nicotine Products to Dogs

Matsushima

Prevo

Gorsline

1995

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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A treatise on some of the insects injurious to vegetation

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Aerosol and Prednisolone in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Comparison of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Aerosol and Prednisolone in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Inhibition of NFκB Activity through Maintenance of IκBα Levels Contributes to Dihydrotestosterone-mediated Repression of the Interleukin-6 Promoter

Absorption and Adverse Effects following Topical and Oral Administration of Three Transdermal Nicotine Products to Dogs

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