A Transformerless Energy Storage System Based on a Cascade Multilevel PWM Converter With Star Configuration

Maharjan, Laxman; Inoue, Shozo; Akagi, Hirofumi

doi:10.1109/tia.2008.2002180

Cited by 264 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Third, if both changes are not possible, then the present switching state is maintained. In other words, the increment or decrement of the state is subjected to saturation as the switching variable y [0,2]. If the desired change cannot be realized due to this limit, it implies that the reference is beyond the medium vector space and the medium stage is preserved.…”

Section: Main Voltage Stage Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multistage Inverters Control Using Surface Hysteresis Comparators

Menshawi¹,

Mekhilef²

2013

Journal of Power Electronics

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An alternative technique to control multilevel inverters with vector approximations has been presented. The innovative control method utilizes specially designed two-dimensional hysteresis comparators to simplify the implementation and improve the resultant waveform. The multistage inverter designed with maximum number of levels is operated in such a way to approximate the reference voltage vector by exploiting the large number of multilevel inverter vectors. A three-stage inverter with the main high voltage stage made of three phase, six-switch and singly-fed inverter is considered for application to the proposed design. The proposed control concept is to maintain a higher voltage stage state as long as it can lead to a target vector. High and medium voltage stages controllers are based on surface hysteresis comparators to hold the switching state or to perform the necessary change to achieve its reference voltage with minimal switching losses. The low voltage stage controller is designed to approximate the target reference voltage to the nearest inverter vector using the nearest integer rounding and adjustment comparators. Model simulation and prototype test results show that the proposed control technique clearly outperforms the previous control methods.

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Section: Main Voltage Stage Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The class of inverters with output points of several voltage levels with respect to the negative side of its input supply [1], [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistage Inverters Control Using Surface Hysteresis Comparators

Menshawi¹,

Mekhilef²

2013

Journal of Power Electronics

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“…The regulator design procedure is similar to that in [21] and all of the regulator parameters are summarized in Table II. TABLE II CONTROL GAINS AND PARAMETERS…”

Section: B Phase Balancing Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leg-Balancing Control of the DC-link Voltage for Modular Multilevel Converters

Du¹,

Liu²,

Lin³

2012

Journal of Power Electronics

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State Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China This paper applies carrier phase shifted pulse-width modulation (CPS-PWM) to transformerless modular multilevel converters (MMC) to improve the output spectrum. Because the MMC topology is characterized by the double-star connection of six legs consisting of cascaded modular chopper cells with floating capacitors, the balance control of the DC-link capacitor voltage is essential for safe operation. This paper presents a leg-balancing control strategy to achieve DC-link voltage balance under all operating conditions. This strategy based on circulating current decoupling control focused on DC-link balancing between the upper and lower legs in each phase pair by considering the six legs as three independent phase-pairs. Experiments are implemented on a 100-V 3-kVA downscaled prototype. The experimental results show that the proposed leg-balancing control is both effective and practical.

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“…Notably, for a more comprehensive discussion on CSCs in wind applications, the readers may be refer to recent works [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Similarly, a detailed discussion on the operational features of VSCs in wind generation applications may be found in [8,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], while a description and operational features of the BoBC/MMLCs may be found in [13,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Hvdc Converter Topologies a Brief Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This proves to be more versatile from a manufacturing standpoint because a single building block may be connected with others in a plethora of configurations to form different topologies at virtually any power level. Energy storage such as batteries may be readily incorporated into the sub-module dc bus structure as well yielding a fully integrated transmission-energy storage solution [30,31]. Moreover, all the components required to realize a BoBC are contained within each sub-module, whereas a CSC or VSC require numerous reactive components external to the submodule.…”

Section: Modularity and Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of AC/HVDC Power Circuits for Interconnecting Bulk Wind Generation with the Electric Grid

Ludois

Venkataramanan

2010

Energies

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Abstract:The application of high voltage dc (HVDC) transmission for integrating large scale and/or off-shore wind generation systems with the electric grid is attractive in comparison to extra high voltage (EHV) ac transmission due to a variety of reasons. While the technology of classical current sourced converters (CSC) using thyristors is well established for realization of large HVDC systems, the technology of voltage sourced converters (VSC) is emerging to be an alternative approach, particularly suitable for multi-terminal interconnections. More recently, a more modular scheme that may be termed 'bridge of bridge' converters (BoBC) has been introduced to realize HVDC systems. While all these three approaches are functionally capable of realizing HVDC systems, the converter power circuit design trade-offs between these alternatives are not readily apparent. This paper presents an examination of these topologies from the point of view of power semiconductor requirements, reactive component requirements, operating losses, fault tolerance, multi-terminal operation, modularity, complexity, etc. Detailed analytical models will be used along with a benchmark application to develop a comparative evaluation of the alternatives that maybe used by wind energy/bulk transmission developers for performing engineering trade-off studies. Keywords

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A Transformerless Energy Storage System Based on a Cascade Multilevel PWM Converter With Star Configuration

Cited by 264 publications

References 30 publications

Multistage Inverters Control Using Surface Hysteresis Comparators

Multistage Inverters Control Using Surface Hysteresis Comparators

Leg-Balancing Control of the DC-link Voltage for Modular Multilevel Converters

An Examination of AC/HVDC Power Circuits for Interconnecting Bulk Wind Generation with the Electric Grid

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