A transcriptome study on Macrobrachium nipponense hepatopancreas experimentally challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)

Abstract

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most devastating pathogens of cultured shrimp, responsible for massive loss of its commercial products worldwide. The oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically important species that is widely farmed in China and adult prawns can be infected by WSSV. However, the molecular mechanisms of the host pathogen interaction remain unknown. There is an urgent need to learn the host pathogen interaction between M. nipponense and WSSV which will be able to offer a solution in controlling the spread of WSSV. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used in this study to determin the transcriptome differences by the comparison of control and WSSV-challenged moribund samples, control and WSSV-challenged survived samples of hepatopancreas in M. nipponense. A total of 64,049 predicted unigenes were obtained and classified into 63 functional groups. Approximately, 4,311 differential expression genes were identified with 3,308 genes were up-regulated when comparing the survived samples with the control. In the comparison of moribund samples with control, 1,960 differential expression genes were identified with 764 genes were up-regulated. In the contrast of two comparison libraries, 300 mutual DEGs with 95 up-regulated genes and 205 down-regulated genes. All the DEGs were performed GO and KEGG analysis, overall a total of 85 immune-related genes were obtained and these gene were groups into 13 functions and 4 KEGG pathways, such as protease inhibitors, heat shock proteins, oxidative stress, pathogen recognition immune receptors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway. Ten genes that valuable in immune responses against WSSV were selected from those DEGs to furture discuss the response of host to WSSV. Results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the immune response of M. nipponense to WSSV, provide information for identifying novel genes in the absence of genome of M. nipponense. Furthermore, large number of transcripts obtained from this study could provide a strong basis for future genomic research on M. nipponense.

Functional cytology of the hepatopancreas of decapod crustaceans

“…The application of modern morphological, cytological, and molecular biological techniques like microtomography, in situ hybridization, immunohisto‐ and immunocytochemistry, experiments with isolated cells, and transcriptomics is expected to provide new insights into the functional spectrum of the hepatopancreas and the structural–functional relationships. For example, recent analyses of transcriptomes of the hepatopancreas and recording of up and downregulation of genes under various conditions specified the involvement of the hepatopancreas in immune defense, vitellogenesis, sexual maturation, and osmoregulation (Chen et al, ; Wang, Wu, Liu, Zheng, & Cheng, ; Xu et al, ; Zhao et al, ). A draft genome is meanwhile available for the model crayfish P. virginalis (Gutekunst et al, ), which is a valuable basis for developing tools for structural–functional investigations on the hepatopancreas.…”

The Single-molecule long-read sequencing of Scylla paramamosain

“…sanguinolentus 42 , Charybdis feriatus 43 , Litopenaeus vannamei 44–48 , Macrobrachium rosenbergii 49–52 , M . nipponense 53,54 , Exopalaemon carinicauda 55–57 , Oratosquilla oratoria 58–60 , Homarus americanus 61 , and so on. Many genes related with reproduction, growth, and immunity of crab and shrimp have been obtained through the transcriptome data.…”

Coupling cell culture and next-generation sequencing to study aquaculture viral diseases: a review

“…19 MinION technology offers important cost-and time-saving advantages over Sanger and Illumina systems, and thus could become instrumental for aquatic viral genotype and subtype characterization and monitoring in the future. 17,18,19,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] In recent years, the application of viroinformatics (i.e., an amalgamation of virology with bioinformatics) has provided new ways to formulate scientific questions, thereby strengthening the progress of viral pathogenesis research. NGS applications involve the management of large datasets, requiring highly-specialized bioinformatics software and pipelines to process and analyze sequencing data using parallel computing (i.e., supercomputers).…”