1951
DOI: 10.1049/jbire.1951.0040
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A toposcopic display system applied to neurophysiology

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Cited by 6 publications
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“…Numerical analysis of cerebral activity was started as early as the 1930s by Dietsch [3], followed by Grass and Gibbs [4] and Drohocki [5] who applied Fourier analysis to disassemble EEG signal. Successively, in 1943, Walter [6] described an automatic analogue frequency analyser and later in 1951 Walter and Shipton [7] developed an automated topographic display called "toposcope".…”
Section: Short History Of Eeg Spatial Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Numerical analysis of cerebral activity was started as early as the 1930s by Dietsch [3], followed by Grass and Gibbs [4] and Drohocki [5] who applied Fourier analysis to disassemble EEG signal. Successively, in 1943, Walter [6] described an automatic analogue frequency analyser and later in 1951 Walter and Shipton [7] developed an automated topographic display called "toposcope".…”
Section: Short History Of Eeg Spatial Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Gray Walter developed the toposcope in 1951 which visualized rhythmic brain activity in 22 spatially laid out cathode ray tubes, each of which showing amplitude and phase in spiral displays (Walter and Shipton, 1951; Bladin, 2006). In the 1960s, realtime EEG was used in artistic performances (e.g., Lucier, 1965; Straebel and Thoben, 2014) and for neurofeedback training (Kamiya, 1969).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%