A to z of pigeons, fancy and utility, with latest standards, by J. W. Williamson.

Abstract

English Carriers 13 dred-fold to do so. This is why I believe in flies not over six and one half feet high, low alighting boards, and the alleyways in front of the houses instead of the rear, so as to be always near the birds. Fancy Breeds Cultivate the spirit of love toward them, and you will be paid for all such trouble, no ntatter how many birds you have. Two thousand can be kept tame and quiet as well as one hundred and they will work better. Other Habits-The coo of some birds is different from others. 1 do not mean to the extent that some will make a trumpeting sound like the Trumpeter pigeon, but there will be some little peculiarity in the voice which an attentive pigeon fancier will quickly notice. vSome will build a nest with only a few stems while others will build very high. Some birds will mate in three minutes after being together, while others will be two or three weeks, and possibly six months, when a lot of unmated birds are together. Sometimes a young cock bird will run from a hen he has been flirting with, like 3 bashful youth, just as she is about to take his bill. A cock bird is a very bashful fellow at times if there happen to 7 I'olish Lynx-8 to 12 pounds to the dozen. Carneaux-10 to 14 pounds to the dozen. Maltese-10 to 14 pounds to the dozen. Hungarians-11 to 15 pounds to the dozen. Austrian Strassers-12 to 16 pounds to the dozen.^' hite Kings-12 to 18 pounds to the dozen. Mondaines-17 to 22 pounds to the dozen. Runts-22 to 28 pounds to the dozen. These are only approximate weights, as some run higher and some lower than these figures. The novice will ask which is the best? That c[uestion, answered by a pigeon man raising Homers, will be, "Homers." While the man, raising Rimts,^^•ill say, "Runts." Each is attached to his favorite, as a mother to her child-no baby is like hers. So the man raising squal)s for market is attached to his particular kind of pigeon, the same as the fancier to his fancv birds.

Occurrence of Heterogenous Forms of the Subunits of Creatine Kinase in Various Muscle and Nonmuscle Tissues and Their Behaviour during Myogenesis

“…This is not the first time that a heterogeneity of different creatine kinases has been found. It has been described in several reports on creatine kinases of various vertebrate species including human [28-301, rabbit [31,32] chick [33] and also trout [34,35]. As many separation techniques as studies have been carried out (starch gels, urea-starch gels, agarose gels, sodium dodecylsulphate/polyacrylamide gels and preparative isoelectric focusing) so that it is difficult to compare the different results with ours.…”

On the mechanisms by which transforming growth factor‐β2 alters antigen‐presenting abilities of macrophages on T cell activation

“…APC within the eye are bathed in an environment rich in TGF-P2 [8, 421. Intraocular injection of antigen mobilizes these cells, inducing them to migrate through the trabecular meshwork into the blood, whence they are carried to the spleen [12,[21][22][23]. In the splenic milieu, they present eye-derived antigens to novel populations of specific T and B lymphocytes.…”

“…While the immunosuppressive properties of transforming growth factor-p (TGF-8) have usually been examined with respect to the effects of this cytokine on T cells [l-51, there is good evidence to suggest that TGF-8 may suppress T cell activation indirectly, that is, by a primary action on antigen-presenting cells (APC; [6]). This distinction takes on special meaning in certain organs of the body, such as the eye, the brain, and the fetavplacental unit, where immune privilege has been documented, where the local fluids (aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid) contain significant amounts of TGF-P [7-lo], and where indigenous bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages reside [11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…On the one hand, aqueous humor has been found to inhibit profoundly the activation of primed and effector T cells exposed to rele-[I 165761 nous bone marrow-derived APC, which under the influence of TGF-P, migrate out of the eye across the trabecular meshwork directly into the blood. Upon the arrival of these cells in the spleen [12,[21][22][23], they selectively activate CD8' T cells, B cells that secrete non-complementfixing antibodies, and regulatory T cells that suppress delayed hypersensitivity and complement-fixing antibody formation [24-271. It is pertinent that these eye-derived cells fail to active T cells that effect delayed hypersensitivity. In studying the mechanism of ACAID induction, Wilbanks et al reported that APC from conventional body sites (peritoneal exudate, spleen, blood) can be made to acquire ACAID-inducing properties simply by incubating the cells in vitro with aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, or amniotic fluid [9].…”

Contrast Sensitivity in Patients with Silicone Intraocular Lenses

“…Williamson et al [1] found contrast sensitivity to be within the normal range with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOLs. No significant difference was found between the contrast sensitivity with PMMA and silicone IOLs [2] or between PMMA and hy drogel IOLs [3], Bifocal IOLs have shown decreased con trast sensitivity values for intermediate spatial frequencies compared to monofocal IOLs [4], No studies could be found o f contrast sensitivity with silicone IOLs compared to normal eyes.…”