A “Tips and Tricks” Practical Guide to the Synthesis of Gold Nanorods

Scarabelli, Leonardo; Sánchez‐Iglesias, Ana; Pérez‐Juste, Jorge; Liz‐Marzán, Luis M.

doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02123

Cited by 395 publications

(447 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Moreover, the addition rate of the reductant (3 times with 1 h intervals) and its high concentration led to complete reduction of all the gold ion states to gold metal. Indeed, the high reaction temperature affects the final AuNPs shape and size (Scarabelli et al, 2015). Thus, the high temperature employed here and long growth time (2 days) led to further growth of the traditional seed particles into bigger nanoparticles and prevented the CTAB molecules from crystallization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gold aggregating gold: A novel nanoparticle biosensor approach for the direct quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical samples

Shawky

Awad

Allam

et al. 2017

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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The affordable and reliable detection of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA is a cornerstone in the management and control of infection, affecting approximately 3% of the global population. However, the existing technologies are expensive, labor intensive and time consuming, posing significant limitations to their wide-scale exploitation, particularly in economically deprived populations. Here, we utilized the unique optical and physicochemical properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to develop a novel assay platform shown to be rapid and robust in sensing and quantifying unamplified HCV RNA in clinical samples. The assay is based on inducing aggregation of citrate AuNPs decorated with a specific nucleic acid probe. Two types of cationic AuNPs, cysteamine and CTAB capped, were compared to achieve maximum assay performance. The technology is simple, rapid, cost effective and quantitative with 93.3% sensitivity, high specificity and detection limit of 4.57 IU/µl. Finally, our data suggest that RNA folding impact the aggregation behavior of the functionalized AuNPs, with broader applications in other nucleic acid detection technologies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTAB AuNPs synthesis is generally performed following the established seed-mediated growth using two solutions (El-Sayed et al, 2006, Huang et al, 2007b, Li et al, 2013, Scarabelli et al, 2015). Herein, CTAB AuNPs was synthesized using only the seed solution in a single-phase reaction without the growth solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold aggregating gold: A novel nanoparticle biosensor approach for the direct quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical samples

Shawky

Awad

Allam

et al. 2017

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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show abstract

“…DLS experiments indicated that the AuNPs@Citrate measured 18.80 nm in Z-average, with a Zeta Potential equal to −43.6 mV/cm, confirming the nanoparticles stabilization by citrate molecules. The concentration of the gold colloid obtained, in terms of Au (0), was calculated from the absorption at 400 nm [32,33,34]. Thus, we obtained a concentration of [Au (0)] = 0.8 mM (see SI for details).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Gold Functionalised Nanoparticles with the Eranthis hyemalis Lectin and Preliminary Toxicological Studies on Caenorhabditis elegans

et al. 2018

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The lectin found in the tubers of the Winter Aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) plant (EHL) is a Type II Ribosome Inactivating Protein (RIP). Type II RIPs have shown anti-cancer properties and have great potential as therapeutic agents. Similarly, colloidal gold nanoparticles are successfully used in biomedical applications as they can be functionalised with ligands with high affinity and specificity for target cells to create therapeutic and imaging agents. Here we present the synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles conjugated with EHL and the results of a set of initial assays to establish whether the biological effect of EHL is altered by the conjugation. Gold nanoparticles functionalised with EHL (AuNPs@EHL) were successfully synthesised by bioconjugation with citrate gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@Citrate). The conjugates were analysed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential analysis, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results indicate that an optimal functionalisation was achieved with the addition of 100 µL of EHL (concentration 1090 ± 40 µg/mL) over 5 mL of AuNPs (concentration [Au0] = 0.8 mM). Biological assays on the effect of AuNPs@EHL were undertaken on Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode commonly used for toxicological studies, that has previously been shown to be strongly affected by EHL. Citrate gold nanoparticles did not have any obvious effect on the nematodes. For first larval stage (L1) nematodes, AuNPs@EHL showed a lower biological effect than EHL. For L4 stage, pre-adult nematodes, both EHL alone and AuNPs@EHL delayed the onset of reproduction and reduced fecundity. These assays indicate that EHL can be conjugated to gold nanoparticles and retain elements of biocidal activity.

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“…When the amount of CTAB is high, the excess of these molecules is added to the micelles, which lengthen and allow to generate gold nanorods. In contrast, when there are no excess molecules of CTAB, the micelles maintain their shape and this leads to nanospheres formation [14]. Thus, an increase in the concentration of chloroauric acid can cause lead to the absence of enough CTAB molecules to lengthen the micelles, which generates that only a small part of the formed particles are nanorods while the majority are nanospheres, which is evidenced from the absorption spectra.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pH and chloroauric acid concentration on the geometry of gold nanoparticles obtained by photochemical synthesis

Rodrı́guez

Gauthier

Ladeira

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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A “Tips and Tricks” Practical Guide to the Synthesis of Gold Nanorods

Cited by 395 publications

References 89 publications

Gold aggregating gold: A novel nanoparticle biosensor approach for the direct quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical samples

Gold aggregating gold: A novel nanoparticle biosensor approach for the direct quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical samples

Synthesis of Gold Functionalised Nanoparticles with the Eranthis hyemalis Lectin and Preliminary Toxicological Studies on Caenorhabditis elegans

Effect of pH and chloroauric acid concentration on the geometry of gold nanoparticles obtained by photochemical synthesis

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