A time to fast

Francesco, Andrea Di; Germanio, Clara Di; Bernier, Michel; Cabo, Rafael de

doi:10.1126/science.aau2095

Cited by 359 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…What is clear, is that synchronization of central and peripheral clocks is important for overall health (Di Francesco et al 2018, Dyar et al 2018, Challet 2019, and one of the most salient factors for this circadian synchronization appears to be the timing of food intake (Barclay et al 2012, Chaix et al 2019. Notably, while caloric restriction paradigms have been successful in improving overall health and extending lifespan (Weindruch et al 1986), these paradigms inadvertently impose temporal restriction of food intake.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian clock genes and the transcriptional architecture of the clock mechanism

Cox

2019

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

258

171

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The mammalian circadian clock has evolved as an adaptation to the 24-h light/darkness cycle on earth. Maintaining cellular activities in synchrony with the activities of the organism (such as eating and sleeping) helps different tissue and organ systems coordinate and optimize their performance. The full extent of the mechanisms by which cells maintain the clock are still under investigation, but involve a core set of clock genes that regulate large networks of gene transcription both by direct transcriptional activation/repression as well as the recruitment of proteins that modify chromatin states more broadly.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian clock genes and the transcriptional architecture of the clock mechanism

Cox

2019

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

258

171

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“…Fasting periods have emerged as promising strategies to target clinical parameters that constitute the foundation for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Although promising, these approaches are still experimental in nature and should not be initiated without medical supervision [80].…”

Section: Low Muscle Mass Fasting and Response To Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Therapy in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemoradiotherapy: Should We Need Stronger Recommendations to Act for Improving Outcomes?

Cotogni¹,

Pedrazzoli²,

Waele³

et al. 2019

J. Cancer

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One of the challenges during chemotherapy and radiotherapy is to complete the planned cycles and doses without dose-limiting toxicity. Growing evidence clearly demonstrates the relationship between dose-limiting toxicity and low muscle mass. Moreover, malnutrition leads to low performance status, impaired quality of life, unplanned hospital admissions, and reduced survival. In the past, the lack of clear and authoritative recommendations and guidelines has meant that oncologists have not always fully appreciated the importance of nutritional therapy in patients receiving anticancer treatments. Therefore, collaboration between oncologists and clinical nutrition specialists needs to be urgently improved. Recent guidelines from scientific societies and practical recommendations by inter-society consensus documents can be summarized as follows: 1) timely nutritional therapy should be carefully considered if patients undergoing anticancer treatments are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition due to inadequate oral intake; 2) if oral intake is inadequate despite counseling and oral nutritional supplements, supplemental enteral nutrition or, if this is not sufficient or feasible, parenteral nutrition should be considered; 3) home artificial nutrition should be prescribed and regularly monitored using defined protocols developed between oncologists and clinical nutrition specialists; 4) appropriate nutritional management in the context of simultaneous care should become a guaranteed right for all patients with cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide oncologists with an overview of the aims and current evidence about nutrition in oncology, together with updated practical and concise recommendations on the application of nutritional therapy in cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy.

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“…Fasting is an auxiliary therapeutic strategy proposed in nutriology, which is enabled by a limited exposure to a severely restricted diet, resulting in a short‐term starvation . Two pieces of early researches showed that fasting could significantly retard tumor growth and sensitize a range of malignant cell types to chemodrugs, while normal cells are protected .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, nutrient deficiency will make normal cells switch to a protection mode. Although fasting has entered clinical trials in combination with chemotherapy for cancer treatment (NCT00936364, NCT01175837, and NCT01304251), which provides the possibility for improving the therapeutic specificity and efficacy of nanomedicine, unfortunately, different from life‐style dietary regulation (that is, calorie restriction), fasting is hardly tolerated by patients owing to severe food deprivation . Therefore, a non‐dietary approach that enables starvation will be highly preferred for augmenting the therapeutic outcome while mitigating the side effect of nanomedicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor‐Specific Chemotherapy by Nanomedicine‐Enabled Differential Stress Sensitization

2020

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Most of current nanomedicines are administrated intravenously to favour tumor accumulation through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which, however, suffers from several drawbacks such as lowdrug bioavailability and severe side effect. In this work, we have constructed ad oxorubicin(Dox)-based liposomal nanosystem for tumorspecific chemotherapy, by enabling differential stress sensitization between cancer and normal cells for restricting the chemodrug toxicity exclusively in tumor regions.2 -Deoxy-Dglucose (2DG) was loaded in the nanoliposome to inhibit glycolysis of cancer cells,which works in synergy with the coloaded chemodrugDox to promote mitochondrial depolarization and subsequent apoptosis.Inaddition, the starvation effect of 2DG can counteract the toxicity of Dox in normal cells and thus mitigates the harmful side effect of chemotherapy. It is expected that such ad ifferential stress sensitization strategy may greatly benefit future nanomedicine design.Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.

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A time to fast

Cited by 359 publications

References 80 publications

Circadian clock genes and the transcriptional architecture of the clock mechanism

Circadian clock genes and the transcriptional architecture of the clock mechanism

Nutritional Therapy in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemoradiotherapy: Should We Need Stronger Recommendations to Act for Improving Outcomes?

Tumor‐Specific Chemotherapy by Nanomedicine‐Enabled Differential Stress Sensitization

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