“…From the first global MHD simulation by Leboeuf et al (1978Leboeuf et al ( , 1981, through to the first real three-dimensional MHD models (Brecht et al, 1982;Ogino, 1986), to the codes in their present states (e.g. Janhunen, 1996;Powell et al, 1999;Raeder, 2003;Lyon et al, 2004) the models have developed and improved.…”