A time dependent approach to model X-ray and γ–ray light curves of Mrk 421 observed during the flare in February 2010

Singh, Krishna Kumar; Sahayanathan, S.; Sinha, Atreyee; Bhatt, N.; Tickoo, A. K.; Yadav, K. K.; Rannot, R. C.; Chandra, P.; Venugopal, K.; Marandi, P.; Kumar, Naveen; Goyal, H. C.; Goyal, A.; Agarwal, Nikita; Kothari, M.; Chanchalani, K.; Dhar, V. K.; Chouhan, N.; Bhat, C. L.; Koul, M. K.; Koul, R.

doi:10.1016/j.newast.2016.12.003

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, time‐dependent single‐zone models with several injections of the radiating particles into the emission region can explain the multiwavelength blazar flares of short duration (Röken et al 2018). These models are different from the one‐zone time‐dependent models with single injection for the blazar variability at different timescales (Mastichiadis et al 2013; Singh et al 2017).…”

Section: Blazar Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Characterization of variability in blazar light curves

Singh

Meintjes

2020

Astron Nachr

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Blazars represent the dominant population of the extragalactic γ‐ray sources in the universe. These sources exhibit some characteristic properties such as strong and nonthermal continuum emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio to Tera electron Volts (TeV) γ‐rays, with rapid variability on all timescales. The emission at radio and optical wavelengths is highly polarized with significant variation. The fastest variability in the blazar emission is observed during the flaring activity, which is an important observational property of blazars. In this paper, we describe various methods to characterize the temporal variability in the multiwavelength light curves of blazars. We also provide a detailed description of the set of statistical parameters that are used to quantify the level of variability present in the time series. Implications of the information derived from the variability study to probe the physics of blazars using multiwavelength observations are also discussed.

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Section: Blazar Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Characterization of variability in blazar light curves

Singh

Meintjes

2020

Astron Nachr

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“…However, time-dependent single zone models with several injections of the radiating particles into the emission region can explain the multi-wavelength blazar flares of short duration (Röken, Schuppan, Proksch, & Schöneberg, 2018). These models are different from the one-zone time dependent models with single injection for the blazar variability at different timescales (Mastichiadis, Petropoulou, & Dimitrakoudis, 2013;Singh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Multi-zone Emission Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterization of Variability in Blazar Light curves

Singh,

Meintjes

2020

Preprint

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Blazars represent dominant population of the extragalactic -ray sources in the Universe. These sources exhibit some characteristic properties like strong and nonthermal continuum emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to TeV -rays with rapid variability on all timescales. The emission at radio and optical wavelengths is highly polarized with significant variation. The fastest variability in the blazar emission is observed during the flaring activity which is an important observational property of blazars. In this paper, we describe various methods to characterize the temporal variability in the multi-wavelength light curves of blazars.We also provide a detailed description of the set of statistical parameters which are used to quantify the level of variability present in the time-series. Implications of the informations derived from the variability study to probe the physics of blazars using multi-wavelength observations are also discussed.

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“…A first interpretation of the remarkable 2010 flare of Mrk 421 using spectral modelling is given by Shukla et al (2012), Singh et al (2015) and Singh et al (2017). Singh et al (2015) model the daily averaged spectral energy distribution (SED) on MJD 55243 with a standard one-zone SSC scenario, assuming an instantaneous electron distribution that follows a broken power law.…”

Section: Previous Interpretations Of the February 2010 Flarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their scenario, the flaring state arises from a change in several parameters, including Doppler factor, magnetic field strength, electron energy density and spectral index, which is attributed to electron acceleration in a strong shock. Singh et al (2017) propose a first model of the MWL light curve during the flare, which they find to be asymmetric in the high-energy bands, with a rise that is faster than the decay. They model the flux evolution detected by Swift-XRT, MAXI, Fermi-LAT and TACTIC with a one-zone model by adjusting a time-dependent injection function, assuming a constant spectral index of about 2.0.…”

Section: Previous Interpretations Of the February 2010 Flarementioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting steady emission and Very High Energy flaring states in blazars: the case of Mrk 421

Dmytriiev,

Sol,

Zech

2021

Preprint

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Various attempts have been made in the literature at describing the origin and the physical mechanisms behind flaring events in blazars with radiative emission models, but detailed properties of multi-wavelength (MWL) light curves still remain difficult to reproduce. We have developed a versatile radiative code, based on a time-dependent treatment of particle acceleration, escape and radiative cooling, allowing us to test different scenarios to connect the continuous low-state emission self-consistently with that during flaring states. We consider flares as weak perturbations of the quiescent state and apply this description to the February 2010 MWL flare of Mrk 421, the brightest Very High Energy (VHE) flare ever detected from this archetypal blazar, focusing on interpretations with a minimum number of free parameters. A general criterion is obtained, which disfavours a one-zone model connecting low and high state under our assumptions. A two-zone model combining physically connected acceleration and emission regions yields a satisfactory interpretation of the available time-dependent MWL light curves and spectra of Mrk 421, although certain details remain difficult to reproduce. The two-zone scenario finally proposed for the complex quiescent and flaring VHE emitting region involves both Fermi-I and Fermi-II acceleration mechanisms, respectively at the origin of the quiescent and flaring emission.

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A time dependent approach to model X-ray and γ–ray light curves of Mrk 421 observed during the flare in February 2010

Cited by 17 publications

References 49 publications

Characterization of variability in blazar light curves

Characterization of variability in blazar light curves

Characterization of Variability in Blazar Light curves

Connecting steady emission and Very High Energy flaring states in blazars: the case of Mrk 421

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