A time-course study of the effects of angling stress on cyclic AMP, lactate and glucose plasma levels in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii Richardson) during a 64 hour recovery period

Effects of handling and electrofishing on plasma glucose and whole blood lactate of Leuciscus cephalus

“…The results demonstrate that both treatments caused an immediate increase in blood lactate levels in chub, although recovery appeared to be complete within 30 min of handling and 4 h of simulated electrofishing. This is consistent with reported recovery times in fish following exposure to an acute stressor (Perrier et al ., 1978; Pickering et al ., 1982). Turner et al .…”

Effects of handling and electrofishing on plasma glucose and whole blood lactate of Leuciscus cephalus

“…The results demonstrate that both treatments caused an immediate increase in blood lactate levels in chub, although recovery appeared to be complete within 30 min of handling and 4 h of simulated electrofishing. This is consistent with reported recovery times in fish following exposure to an acute stressor (Perrier et al ., 1978; Pickering et al ., 1982). Turner et al .…”

Comparative Study of Toxicity of Carbaryl and Its Impact on the Behaviour and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Qchlid Fish, Oreochromis Njlot1cus (Linnaeus , 1758) and Catfish Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) From Saudi Arabia.

“…The hyperglycemia and depletion in the glycogen level in the tissue indicate that insecticidal exposed fish produces more glucose probably by the process of glycogenolysis. Similar to the above finding, hyperglycemia was also observed in fishes after the exposure of oil and hydrocarbons by Wardle (1972) ;Perrier et al (1977) and DiMichele and Tylor, (1978). Some investigators such as Hoar et a/.,(1979) and Al-Akel et al, (1988) have reported that hypoxia increases carbohydrate demand causing the anaerobic stress in which the tissue glycogen was broken down possibly flf Aly S. AL-Akel and Mohamed 3»K Shamsi brain tissue was moderately recorded.…”

Are 3 minutes good enough for obtaining baseline physiological samples from teleost fish?

“…However, change-point analyses indicated that lactate levels rose above baseline within 2.5-4 min of handling, making blood lactate the most time-sensitive metric examined in the present study. Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)).…”

“…Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)). Smallmouth bass were unique in lacking a significant relationship between time and blood lactate levels, perhaps a reflection of the high physiological performance of this species relative to other centrarchids (Kieffer and Cooke 2009), as well as the minimal fight intensity exhibited by these animals (personal observations).…”

“…In most of the species investigated here, there appeared to be no change-point time for blood [glucose], with blood [glucose] gradually rising with handling time to reach values ϳ200% of baseline. While information is limited, comparable responses have also been observed in other teleost species (Perrier et al 1978;Schwalme and Mackay 1985;Thomas and Robertson 1991;Waring et al 1996;O'Toole et al 2010). Given the relatively slow pace of the rise in blood [glucose] through time, reliable baseline values could reasonably be captured within 3 min of a sampling event.…”

Effects of handling and electrofishing on plasma glucose and whole blood lactate of Leuciscus cephalus

“…The results demonstrate that both treatments caused an immediate increase in blood lactate levels in chub, although recovery appeared to be complete within 30 min of handling and 4 h of simulated electrofishing. This is consistent with reported recovery times in fish following exposure to an acute stressor (Perrier et al ., 1978; Pickering et al ., 1982). Turner et al .…”

Comparative Study of Toxicity of Carbaryl and Its Impact on the Behaviour and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Qchlid Fish, Oreochromis Njlot1cus (Linnaeus , 1758) and Catfish Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) From Saudi Arabia.

“…The hyperglycemia and depletion in the glycogen level in the tissue indicate that insecticidal exposed fish produces more glucose probably by the process of glycogenolysis. Similar to the above finding, hyperglycemia was also observed in fishes after the exposure of oil and hydrocarbons by Wardle (1972) ;Perrier et al (1977) and DiMichele and Tylor, (1978). Some investigators such as Hoar et a/.,(1979) and Al-Akel et al, (1988) have reported that hypoxia increases carbohydrate demand causing the anaerobic stress in which the tissue glycogen was broken down possibly flf Aly S. AL-Akel and Mohamed 3»K Shamsi brain tissue was moderately recorded.…”

Are 3 minutes good enough for obtaining baseline physiological samples from teleost fish?

“…However, change-point analyses indicated that lactate levels rose above baseline within 2.5-4 min of handling, making blood lactate the most time-sensitive metric examined in the present study. Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)).…”

“…Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)). Smallmouth bass were unique in lacking a significant relationship between time and blood lactate levels, perhaps a reflection of the high physiological performance of this species relative to other centrarchids (Kieffer and Cooke 2009), as well as the minimal fight intensity exhibited by these animals (personal observations).…”

“…In most of the species investigated here, there appeared to be no change-point time for blood [glucose], with blood [glucose] gradually rising with handling time to reach values ϳ200% of baseline. While information is limited, comparable responses have also been observed in other teleost species (Perrier et al 1978;Schwalme and Mackay 1985;Thomas and Robertson 1991;Waring et al 1996;O'Toole et al 2010). Given the relatively slow pace of the rise in blood [glucose] through time, reliable baseline values could reasonably be captured within 3 min of a sampling event.…”

Effects of handling and electrofishing on plasma glucose and whole blood lactate of Leuciscus cephalus

“…The results demonstrate that both treatments caused an immediate increase in blood lactate levels in chub, although recovery appeared to be complete within 30 min of handling and 4 h of simulated electrofishing. This is consistent with reported recovery times in fish following exposure to an acute stressor (Perrier et al ., 1978; Pickering et al ., 1982). Turner et al .…”

Comparative Study of Toxicity of Carbaryl and Its Impact on the Behaviour and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Qchlid Fish, Oreochromis Njlot1cus (Linnaeus , 1758) and Catfish Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) From Saudi Arabia.

“…The hyperglycemia and depletion in the glycogen level in the tissue indicate that insecticidal exposed fish produces more glucose probably by the process of glycogenolysis. Similar to the above finding, hyperglycemia was also observed in fishes after the exposure of oil and hydrocarbons by Wardle (1972) ;Perrier et al (1977) and DiMichele and Tylor, (1978). Some investigators such as Hoar et a/.,(1979) and Al-Akel et al, (1988) have reported that hypoxia increases carbohydrate demand causing the anaerobic stress in which the tissue glycogen was broken down possibly flf Aly S. AL-Akel and Mohamed 3»K Shamsi brain tissue was moderately recorded.…”

Are 3 minutes good enough for obtaining baseline physiological samples from teleost fish?

“…However, change-point analyses indicated that lactate levels rose above baseline within 2.5-4 min of handling, making blood lactate the most time-sensitive metric examined in the present study. Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)).…”

“…Elevated lactate titres in the blood likely represented a combination of reduced oxygen uptake at the gills (i.e., air exposure) and exercise-induced oxygen debt (i.e., burst swimming) associated with angling (Perrier et al 1978;Furimsky et al 2003;Suski et al 2007;Brownscombe et al 2014). Indeed, the time course for blood lactate observed here parallels that in other teleost fishes (Perrier et al 1978;Currey et al 2013;O'Toole et al 2010;reviewed in Wood (1991)). Smallmouth bass were unique in lacking a significant relationship between time and blood lactate levels, perhaps a reflection of the high physiological performance of this species relative to other centrarchids (Kieffer and Cooke 2009), as well as the minimal fight intensity exhibited by these animals (personal observations).…”

“…In most of the species investigated here, there appeared to be no change-point time for blood [glucose], with blood [glucose] gradually rising with handling time to reach values ϳ200% of baseline. While information is limited, comparable responses have also been observed in other teleost species (Perrier et al 1978;Schwalme and Mackay 1985;Thomas and Robertson 1991;Waring et al 1996;O'Toole et al 2010). Given the relatively slow pace of the rise in blood [glucose] through time, reliable baseline values could reasonably be captured within 3 min of a sampling event.…”