A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini

Long, Elizabeth C.; Thomson, Robert C.; Shapiro, Arthur M.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.010

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…) (b). Character optimization of two levels of polyphagy on a phylogeny of the butterfly subfamily Nymphalinae, based on (Wahlberg, Brower, & Nylin, ) and (Nylin & Wahlberg, ), with modifications from (Long, Thomson, & Shapiro, ). Taxa were coded as having the state 3+ orders if at least one species feed on three orders or more, and 7+ orders if at least one species feed on seven orders or more…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PGLS analysis showed a strong effect of host diversity on species richness (Figure 3b; β = 0.78, SE = 0.17, F 24 = 21.35, p < .001, R 2 = 0.45), and the MacroCAIC analysis showed a significant correlation between host diversity and speciosity F I G U R E 2 (a) Character optimization of two levels of polyphagy on a phylogeny of the tussock moths subfamily Lymantriinae from (Wang et al 2015) (b). Character optimization of two levels of polyphagy on a phylogeny of the butterfly subfamily Nymphalinae, based on (Wahlberg, Brower, & Nylin, 2005) and (Nylin & Wahlberg, 2008), with modifications from (Long, Thomson, & Shapiro, 2014). Taxa were coded as having the state 3+ orders if at least one species feed on three orders or more, and 7+ orders if at least one species feed on seven orders or more Table S4 shows a number of comparisons between host use in Lymantriinae and its closest relatives, exploring host diversity and polyphagy.…”

Section: Sister-group Comparisons and Contrasts In Lymantriinaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphagy and diversification in tussock moths: Support for the oscillation hypothesis from extreme generalists

Wang

Holloway

Janz

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Theory on plasticity driving speciation, as applied to insect–plant interactions (the oscillation hypothesis), predicts more species in clades with higher diversity of host use, all else being equal. Previous support comes mainly from specialized herbivores such as butterflies, and plasticity theory suggests that there may be an upper host range limit where host diversity no longer promotes diversification. The tussock moths (Erebidae: Lymantriinae) are known for extreme levels of polyphagy. We demonstrate that this system is also very different from butterflies in terms of phylogenetic signal for polyphagy and for use of specific host orders. Yet we found support for the generality of the oscillation hypothesis, in that clades with higher diversity of host use were found to contain more species. These clades also consistently contained the most polyphagous single species. Comparing host use in Lymantriinae with related taxa shows that the taxon indeed stands out in terms of the frequency of polyphagous species. Comparative evidence suggests that this is most probably due to its nonfeeding adults, with polyphagy being part of a resulting life history syndrome. Our results indicate that even high levels of plasticity can drive diversification, at least when the levels oscillate over time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sister-group Comparisons and Contrasts In Lymantriinaementioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphagy and diversification in tussock moths: Support for the oscillation hypothesis from extreme generalists

Wang

Holloway

Janz

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Because we were not able to conduct extensive field studies of the federally listed Taylor's checkerspot, we use previously published parameters from a surrogate species, Baltimore checkerspot (Brown et al 2017) in our simulations. Baltimore checkerspots have similar life cycles, and although they use mesic meadows and Taylor's checkerspots use drier upland prairie (Severns and Breed 2014), the two species are close phylogenetically (Wahlberg et al 2005, Long et al 2014) and behaviorally. Like Taylor's checkerspots, Baltimore checkerspots have switched partially or entirely from a native pre-diapause hostplant to the nonnative P. lanceolata (Bowers et al 1992, Severns andWarren 2008).…”

Section: Life Cycle Of Taylor's Checkerspot Butterfliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism matters: the cause of fluctuations in boom–bust populations governs optimal habitat restoration strategy

Boor

Schultz

Crone

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Many populations exhibit boom-bust dynamics in which abundance fluctuates dramatically over time. Past research has focused on identifying whether the cause of fluctuations is primarily exogenous, e.g., environmental stochasticity coupled with weak density dependence, or endogenous, e.g., over-compensatory density dependence. Far fewer studies have addressed whether the mechanism responsible for boom-bust dynamics matters with respect to at-risk species management. Here, we ask whether the best strategy for restoring habitat across a landscape differs under exogenously vs. endogenously driven boom-bust dynamics. We used spatially explicit individual-based models to assess how butterfly populations governed by the two mechanisms would respond to habitat restoration strategies that varied in the level of resource patchiness, from a single large patch to multiple patches spaced at different distances. Our models showed that the restoration strategy that minimized extinction risk and boom-bust dynamics would be markedly different depending on the governing mechanism. Exogenously governed populations fared best in a single large habitat patch, whereas for endogenously driven populations, boom-bust dynamics were dampened and extinction risk declined when the total restored area was split into multiple patches with low to moderate inter-patch spacing. Adding environmental stochasticity to the endogenous model did not alter this result. Habitat fragmentation lowered extinction risk in the endogenously driven populations by reducing their growth rate, precluding both "boom" phases and, more importantly, "bust" phases. Our findings suggest that (1) successful restoration will depend on understanding the causes of fluctuations in at-risk populations, (2) the level and pattern of spatiotemporal environmental heterogeneity will also affect the ideal management approach, and (3) counterintuitively, for at-risk species with endogenously governed boom-bust dynamics, lowering the intrinsic population growth rate may decrease extinction risk.

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“…Recent progress in improving our knowledge of relationships in Melitaea was made by using chromosomal (de Lesse 1960, Larsen 1975, Lukhtanov and Kuznetsova 1989, Hesselbarth et al 1995) and molecular markers (Zimmermann et al 1999, Long et al 2014). In particular, molecular studies have helped to resolve some of the issues related to the composition of species groups within Melitaea (Wahlberg and Zimmermann 2000, Leneveu et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of Melitaea from Israel, with notes on taxonomy, cytogenetics, phylogeography and interspecific hybridization in the Melitaea persea complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

Lukhtanov¹

2017

CCG

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Specimens with intermediate morphology are often considered to be the result of ongoing interspecific hybridization; however, this conclusion is difficult to prove without analysis of chromosomal and/or molecular markers. In the butterfly genus Melitaea, such an intermediacy can be detected in male genitalia, and is more or less regularly observed in localities where two closely related, presumably parental species are found in sympatry. Here I analyze a high altitude Melitaea population from Mt. Hermon in north Israel and show that its male genitalia are clearly differentiated from those found in phenotypically similar M. persea and M. didyma, but in some aspects intermediate between them. This hybrid-like population is unique because, although M. didyma is present on Mt. Hermon, the true, low-altitude M. persea has never been reported from Israel. Cytogenetic analysis revealed no apomorphic chromosomal characters to distinguish the Mt. Hermon population from other known taxa of the M. persea and M. didyma species groups. At the same time, DNA barcode-based phylogeographic study showed that this population is ancient. It was estimated to originate 1–1.6 million years ago in the Levantine refugium from a common ancestor with M. persea. Generally, the data obtained are incompatible with interpretation of the studied population as a taxon conspecific with M. persea or M. didyma, or a swarm of recent hybrids between M. persea and M. didyma, although the possibility of ancient homoploid hybrid speciation cannot be ruled out. I also argue that the name Melitaea montium assigned to butterflies from north Lebanon cannot be applied to the studied taxon from Mt. Hermon. Here I describe this morphologically and ecologically distinct entity as a new species Melitaea acentria sp. n., and compare it with other taxa of the M. persea complex.

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A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Polyphagy and diversification in tussock moths: Support for the oscillation hypothesis from extreme generalists

Polyphagy and diversification in tussock moths: Support for the oscillation hypothesis from extreme generalists

Mechanism matters: the cause of fluctuations in boom–bust populations governs optimal habitat restoration strategy

A new species of Melitaea from Israel, with notes on taxonomy, cytogenetics, phylogeography and interspecific hybridization in the Melitaea persea complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

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