A THREE-YEAR MULTI-WAVELENGTH STUDY OF THE VERY-HIGH-ENERGY Γ-Ray BLAZAR 1ES 0229+200

Aliu, E.; Archambault, S.; Arlen, T.; Aune, T.; Behera, B.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, W.; Berger, K.; Bird, R.; Bouvier, A.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Byrum, K.; Cerruti, M.; Chen, X.; Ciupik, L.; Connolly, Michael; Cui, Wei; Duke, C.; Dumm, J.; Errando, M.; Falcone, A.; Federici, S.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Fleischhack, Henrike; Fortin, P.; Fortson, L.; Furniss, A.; Galante, N.; Gillanders, G. H.; Griffin, S.; Griffiths, S.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.; Hanna, D.; Holder, J.; Hughes, G.; Humensky, T. B.; Johnson, C. A.; Kaaret, Philip; Kertzman, M.; Khassen, Y.; Kieda, D.; Krawczynski, H.; Krennrich, F.; Lang, M. J.; Madhavan, A. S.; Maier, G.; Majumdar, P.; McArthur, S.; McCann, A.; Meagher, K.; Millis, J.; Moriarty, P.; Mukherjee, R.; Nieto, D.; Bhróithe, A. O'Faoláin De; Ong, R. A.; Otte, A. N.; Park, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Pohl, M.; Popkow, A.; Prokoph, H.; Quinn, J.; Ragan, K.; Reyes, Luis; Reynolds, P. T.; Richards, G.; Roache, E.; Sembroski, G. H.; Smith, A. W.; Staszak, D.; Telezhinsky, I.; Theiling, M.; Varlotta, A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Vincent, S.; Wakely, S. P.; Weekes, T. C.; Weinstein, A. J.R.; Welsing, R.; Williams, D. A.; Zajczyk, A.; Zitzer, B.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/782/1/13

Cited by 82 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…We note that the γ-ray spectrum of 1ES 0229+200 appears to be quite stable, showing only marginal variations on timescales of a few weeks (Aliu et al 2014). In this respect it is an ideal source for prolonged exposures, since the signal can be accumulated over long periods without problems that relate to important spectral changes.…”

Section: Extreme Highly Peaked Bl Lacs: 1es 0229-200mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The hardness of the VHE spectrum after correction for EBL absorption is challenging for the standard one-zone leptonic model, in which the inverse Compton scattering of multi-TeV electrons (which in this framework is responsible for the γ-ray emission) becomes quite inefficient (Katarzyński et al 2006;Tavecchio et al 2009Tavecchio et al , 2011Kaufmann et al 2011). Another peculiarity is related to the absent or very weak variability displayed by the VHE emission (e.g., Aliu et al 2014), which is at odds with the typical extreme behavior of (Zacharopoulou et al 2011), or quasi-Maxwellian energy distribution of the emitting leptons (Lefa et al 2011).…”

Section: Extreme Highly Peaked Bl Lacs: 1es 0229-200mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalies in the multi-TeVγ-ray spectra of blazars

Tavecchio

Bonnoli

2015

A&A

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Context. Cosmic opacity for very high energy γ rays (E > 10 TeV) that result from the interaction with the extragalactic background light can be strongly reduced. This is because of possible Lorentz-violating terms in the dispersion relations for particles expected for several versions of quantum gravity theories. Aims. We discuss the possibility of using very high-energy observations of blazars to detect anomalies in the cosmic opacity that are induced by Lorentz invariance violation (LIV), taking the possibility of using extreme BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects into particular consideration, as well as the bright and nearby BL Lac Mkn 501. Methods. We derive the modified expression for the optical depth of γ rays by also taking redshift dependence into consideration and, by applying this, we derive the expected high-energy spectrum above 10 TeV of Mkn 501, in high and low states, and of the extreme BL Lac 1ES 0229+200. Results. Along with the nearby and well studied BL Lac Mkn 501 especially in high state, other suitable targets are extreme BL Lac objects, characterized by quite hard TeV intrinsic spectra which probably extend at the energies relevant when detecting LIV features.

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Section: Extreme Highly Peaked Bl Lacs: 1es 0229-200mentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Extreme Highly Peaked Bl Lacs: 1es 0229-200mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalies in the multi-TeVγ-ray spectra of blazars

Tavecchio

Bonnoli

2015

A&A

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“…Sironi & Spitkovsky 2011). Another intriguing point is the apparent stability of the TeV spectrum over several years (Aharonian et al 2007, but see also Aliu et al 2014 for the case of 1ES 0229+200 where marginal evidence for mild TeV variability on a several months/annual time scale is found), which neatly distinguishes EHBL from HBL that show rather variable TeV emission, down to timescales of few minutes. As discussed in Tavecchio et al (2009) for 1ES 0229+200 the radiative cooling time of electrons at γmin is of the order of 2 years, barely consistent with the observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

An emerging population of BL Lacs with extreme properties: towards a class of EBL and cosmic magnetic field probes?

Bonnoli

Tavecchio

Ghisellini

et al. 2015

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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High energy observations of extreme BL Lac objects, such as 1ES 0229+200 or 1ES 0347-121, recently focused interest both for blazar and jet physics and for the implication on the extragalactic background light and intergalactic magnetic field estimate. However, the number of these extreme highly peaked BL Lac objects (EHBL) is still rather small. Aiming at increase their number, we selected a group of EHBL candidates starting from the BL Lac sample of Plotkin et al. (2011), considering those undetected (or only barely detected) by the Large Area Telescope onboard Fermi and characterized by a high X-ray vs. radio flux ratio. We assembled the multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution of the resulting 9 sources, profiting of publicly available archival observations performed by Swift, Galex, and Fermi satellites, confirming their nature. Through a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model we estimate the expected VHE flux, finding that in the majority of cases it is within the reach of present generation of Cherenkov arrays or of the forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).

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“…Horns & Meyer 2012). There is a VERITAS campaign for deep observations of this object (Dumm 2013), where the first hints of variability on year-long timescales have been reported (Aliu et al 2014). If this variability is confirmed it will challenge the UHECR cascade origin of the observed VHE emission, since the secondary emission from this channel is not expected to exhibit variability on such timescales.…”

Section: Selection Of Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron pair halo and echo emission from blazars in the cosmic web: application to extreme TeV blazars

Oikonomou

Murase

Kotera

2014

A&A

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High frequency peaked, high redshift blazars, are extreme in the sense that their spectrum is particularly hard and peaks at TeV energies. Standard leptonic scenarios require peculiar source parameters and/or a special setup in order to account for these observations. Electromagnetic cascades seeded by ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the intergalactic medium have also been invoked, assuming a very low intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF). Here we study the synchrotron emission of UHECR secondaries produced in blazars located in magnetised environments, and show that it can provide an alternative explanation to these challenged channels, for sources embedded in structured regions with magnetic field strengths of the order of 10 −7 G. To demonstrate this, we focus on three extreme blazars: 1ES 0229+200, RGB J0710+591, and 1ES 1218+304. We model the expected gamma-ray signal from these sources through a combination of numerical Monte Carlo simulations and solving the kinetic equations of the particles in our simulations, and explore the UHECR source and intergalactic medium parameter space to test the robustness of the emission. We show that the generated synchrotron-pair halo and echo flux at the peak energy is not sensitive to variations in the overall IGMF strength. This signal is unavoidable in contrast to the inverse Compton-pair halo and echo intensity, which is appealing in view of the large uncertainties on the IGMF in voids of large scale structure. It is also shown that the variability of blazar gamma-ray emission can be accommodated by the synchrotron emission of secondary products of UHE neutral beams if these are emitted by UHECR accelerators inside magnetised regions.

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A THREE-YEAR MULTI-WAVELENGTH STUDY OF THE VERY-HIGH-ENERGY Γ-Ray BLAZAR 1ES 0229+200

Cited by 82 publications

References 63 publications

On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalies in the multi-TeVγ-ray spectra of blazars

On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalies in the multi-TeVγ-ray spectra of blazars

An emerging population of BL Lacs with extreme properties: towards a class of EBL and cosmic magnetic field probes?

Synchrotron pair halo and echo emission from blazars in the cosmic web: application to extreme TeV blazars

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