A three-year diagnostic and epidemiological study on viral infantile diarrhoea in Rome

Donelli, Gianfranco; Ruggeri, Franco Maria; Tinari, Antonella; Marziano, Maria Luisa; Menichella, D.; Caione, Daniela; Concato, Carlo; Rocchi, G; Vella, Stefano

doi:10.1017/s0950268800067443

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The overall seasonal pattern of rotavirus admissions in children aged <5 years observed in this study is consistent with seasonal patterns found elsewhere [2,8,13,14]. Rotavirus admissions peaked in winter in Brisbane and Melbourne and in early spring in Canberra.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea and one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in very young children [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Many studies have shown that at least 30-60 % of hospital admissions for acute gastroenteritis in young children are the result of rotavirus infection [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The rate of rotavirus diarrhoeal admission in children aged <5 years is in the range of 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rotavirus infection has a distinctive cyclical pattern with sharp peaks occurring in mid to late winter, which is unique to rotavirus among all know major pathogens associated with gastroenteritis [2,8,13,14]. Rotavirus has been called the 'democratic virus ' because a large proportion of children in the world are infected during the first few years of life, whether they are rich or poor or live in temperate or tropical areas [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic factors associated with hospitalizations for rotavirus diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age

2007

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This study compares the seasonality of rotavirus diarrhoeal hospital admissions and its relationship to climatic factors across three Australian cities. Weekly admission of rotavirus diarrhoea (1993-2003) in children aged <5 years and weekly average temperature and relative humidity for each city were modelled using a log-linear model with a cubic trend and season. Interactions were included to test for differences in the effect of temperature and humidity between seasons and between cities. Admissions of rotavirus diarrhoea peaked in winter and spring and were lowest in summer. Higher temperature and humidity in the previous week were associated with a decrease in rotavirus diarrhoeal admissions in three cities. The effects of both temperature and humidity on rotavirus admissions in Brisbane differed across seasons. Strategies to combat outbreaks of rotavirus diarrhoea should take climatic factors and seasonal effects into consideration to plan for the excess seasonal hospital admissions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic factors associated with hospitalizations for rotavirus diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age

2007

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“…Human astroviruses (HAstVs) have been classified into the family Astroviridae and associated with gastrointestinal illness, especially in children, wherever studied worldwide [McLean et al, 1977;Donelli et al, 1988;Herrmann et al, 1991;Cruz et al, 1992;Utagawa et al, 1994]. They also cause illness in adults and immunocompromised patients; in the latter group infection can persist until immune reconstitution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characterization of astroviruses in Argentinean children with acute gastroenteritis

Espul

Martínez

Noel

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

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Among viral agents causing gastroenteritis, human astroviruses (HAstVs) take second or third place, after rotaviruses and caliciviruses, as the most frequent cause of illness. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of HAstV infection and to characterize the circulating HAstV strains in children with diarrhea under 3 years of age treated between 1995 and 1998 at out- or in-patient facilities of the children's hospital in Mendoza, Argentina. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were used to detect HAstVs in stool specimens. Positive specimens were tested further by EIA and/or sequenced to type detected HAstV strains. HAstVs were detected in 40 (3.7%) of 1,070 samples that were rotavirus and calicivirus-negative: 14 (3.5%) of 402 from outpatients and 26 (3.9%) of 668 from inpatients. HAstV infection tended to be more severe in children during their first year of life: 18 (4.7%) of 383 HAstV-positive children 0-11 months old were hospitalized versus 8 (2.8%) of 285 children 1 year of age or older (P = 0.29). Type 1 (HAstV-1) was the most common type (41%), followed by HAstV-4 (25%), HAstV-2 (13%), HAstV-3 (13%), and HAstV-5 (8%). In this first epidemiological study of HAstV infection in this region, we confirmed HAstV to be a cause of severe gastroenteritis in children, more often among children younger than 12 months of age. HastV-4 caused 25% of HastV infections in Mendoza, although it has been detected commonly elsewhere. Distinct genetic lineages were apparent but their epidemiological significance remains to be demonstrated.

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“…Rotaviruses are an important cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and young children in many areas of the world [13,14,15], including countries with high socio-economic levels and good sanitation standards [5,9,17,29,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HT-29 cells: a new substrate for rotavirus growth

Superti

Tinari

Baldassarri

et al. 1991

Archives of Virology

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Susceptibilities of a continuous rhesus monkey kidney cell line (MA-104) and that of a human colon carcinoma cell line (HT-29) to infection by different human and animal rotavirus strains were compared. HT-29 cells appeared to be more sensitive to human rotavirus infection than MA-104 cells, whereas the latter cell line was more susceptible to animal rotavirus replication. The greater sensitivity to human rotavirus infection of HT-29 cells was confirmed by the successful, direct isolation of these viruses from faecal specimens. Human rotavirus infection of HT-29 cells was also followed by transmission electron microscopy. In ultra-thin sections, unenveloped particles of rotaviruses, representing infectious mature virions, were observed in large number. Moreover, many "double-shelled" particles were detected in negative-stained supernatants from infected cultures. Scanning electron microscopy of uninfected HT-29 cells showed that in the presence of Ca++, required for rotavirus growth, they are able to express some of the features of mature intestinal cells. In view of these results, HT-29 cells appear to be a useful in vitro model for the study of rotavirus infection.

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A three-year diagnostic and epidemiological study on viral infantile diarrhoea in Rome

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Climatic factors associated with hospitalizations for rotavirus diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age

Climatic factors associated with hospitalizations for rotavirus diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age

Prevalence and characterization of astroviruses in Argentinean children with acute gastroenteritis

HT-29 cells: a new substrate for rotavirus growth

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