A three-dimensional tropical cyclone model with parameterized cumulus convection.

Yamasaki, Masanori

doi:10.2467/mripapers.37.205

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…7, corresponded well to the results of numerical experiments by Yamasaki (1983Yamasaki ( , 1986. Using Yamasaki's (1983) convection categorization, it might be interpreted that TL1 and TL2 in the initial sub-stage belong to category I), LL1 to LL4 in the second sub-stage mainly belong to category II), SB1 and SB2 in the third and final sub-stages also belong mainly to category II), but they might belong to category III) after 12 UTC 31 August as the LLCC intensified.…”

Section: Precipitable Water Content Patternsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Yamasaki (1983) categorized the simulated convection in formation and intensification stages in an axially symmetric TC model, depending on the role of surface friction such that: I) surface friction does not play any significant role before the tangential velocity attains about 10 m/s, II) surface friction becomes important when the tangential velocity attains 10-15 m/s, and III) surface friction plays an essential role in the formation and maintenance of the eye and eyewall when the tangential velocity near the vortex center exceeds approximately 20 m/s. Further, Yamasaki (1986) performed a numerical experiment of TC development using a three-dimensional typhoon model based on the results of Yamasaki (1983), and pointed out that the structure of the simulated rainband depended on the developing stage of TC rotation and location of the rainband in the TC. In case of rainbands in which frictional inflow was not very strong, the band orientation had a larger angle with the tangential direction, and warm moist air entered the rainbands from the inner side.…”

Section: Precipitable Water Content Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Section 5, analysis will be focused on the long lasting intense MPF. In Section 6, characteristics of the MPFs on the early development of Yancy will be summarized and compared with those of numerically simulated mesoscale features in TC developments (Yamasaki, 1983(Yamasaki, , 1986 and several aspects of the long lasting intense MPF will be discussed. Summary and concluding remarks will be given in Section 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yamasaki (1983) investigated the interaction between cumulus convection and large scale motion during the development of TC, using a two dimensional numerical model in which convection was treated explicitly, and categorized the simulated mesoscale convection in the developing TC three types depending on the role of surface friction. Further, Yamasaki (1986) developed a three-dimensional TC model with a new parameterization of convection based on the results of Yamasaki (1983) and performed a numerical experiment, in which the simulated mesoscale features were discussed using the category of convection, and compared them with several observational facts. Yamasaki (1989) studied tropical cyclone formation in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For substantiation of the formation and early development TC process in the context of interaction between convection and larger-scale motions (Yamasaki, 1983(Yamasaki, , 1986(Yamasaki, , 1988, it is important to investigate how the convection is organized within a TC in the early developing stage based on continuous radar observation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

Mori¹,

Ishigaki²,

Maehira³

et al. 1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Typhoon Yancy (T9313), which was in the early gradual developing stage and moved westward over the northwestern Pacific near (19N, 129E), was observed by the Japan Meteorological Agency research vessel Keifu Maru, during 30 August to 1 September 1993. During that period, the circulation center of Yancy approached as close as 80 km to the north of the Keifu Maru. Convection in the major part of Yancy was analyzed using the radar, maritime weather and upper air observation data obtained on the ship and recently available satellite data. Cell echo tracking winds (CETwinds) were estimated and utilized to supplement low level wind data around Yancy.During the early developing stage, an in-concentric structure of Yancy in which a cloud system existed in a southwest quadrant of a lower-level cyclonic circulation (LLCC) of 1500 km scale was transformed to a concentric one through a formation of a central dense overcast ('CDO') in the cloud system. After the establishment of the concentric structure, Yancy began rapid development.Various mesoscale (100-500 km) precipitation features (MPFs) were organized and evolved successively within Yancy. The configurations of the MPFs were changed as the early developing process progressed through four sub-stages. In the initial sub-stage, a large (400 km) echo system (LES) was organized in the southwest quadrant of the LLCC, over which a round cloud system appeared. In the second sub-stage, a long lasting mesoscale intense convective area (MICA) was formed around the northwestern edge of the LES, which was a mesoscale precipitation entity of the 'CDO' in the round cloud system. LLCC appeared to be intensified on a 500 km scale after the formation of MICA. In the third sub-stage, LES and the cloud system evolved into a comma-shaped spiral band with length over 500 km in the intense cyclonic circulation. In the final sub-stage, curvature of the spiral band was increased and an inner near-circular spiral band emerged in the further intensified LLCC. The northern head of the comma-shaped cloud system was encircling the LLCC center. Line systems transversal and longitudinal to lower-level circulation were formed around MICA in the first sub-stage, and in the second sub-stage, respectively.

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Section: Precipitable Water Content Patternsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Precipitable Water Content Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

Mori¹,

Ishigaki²,

Maehira³

et al. 1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The landfall and structure of a tropical cyclone: The sensitivity of model predictions to soil moisture parameterizations

Dastoor

Krishnamurti

1991

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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A regional mesoscale multi-level primitive equation model is used to predict the landfall and structure of a tropical cyclone. Three areas of model sensitivity are addressed in this paper; (1) the horizontal resolution, which includes the representation of orography; (2) the impact of an improved representation of the distribution of land sprface soil moisture on the landfall problem; and (3) the sensitivity of the storm to lateral boundary conditions. A diagnostic part of this study describes a statistical regression approach to determining a ground wetness parameterization from moisture budget computations to derive estimates of surface fluxes, which are used to determine the parameterization. The model sensitivity analysis compares several versions of ground wetness parameterization. The experiment where 'perfect' (i.e., based on analysis of observations) boundary conditions are used is defined as a bench-mark. At the highest horizontal resolution (=50 km) using ,the ground wetness obtained from the regression, the best results were found for the structure and motion of the tropical cyclone. When the boundary conditions from a global model are used at a resolution T106 (roughly 100 km resolution for the transformed grid), the results degrade somewhat. The rain bands are predicted, but do not contain the same detail. Several other sensitivity experiments illustrate the degree of degradation of rain bands, precipitation distribution, hurricane structure, and phase speed errors as the lateral boundaries, resolution, and ground wetness parameterization are altered.

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Hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic simulations of moist convection: Review and further study

Kato

1997

Meteorl. Atmos. Phys.

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A three-dimensional tropical cyclone model with parameterized cumulus convection.

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

The landfall and structure of a tropical cyclone: The sensitivity of model predictions to soil moisture parameterizations

Hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic simulations of moist convection: Review and further study

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