A Thousand Families in Newcastle Upon Tyne; An Approach to the Study of Health and Illness in Children

Spence, James; Walton, W. S.; Miller, F. J. W.; Court, S. D. M.

doi:10.1097/00006199-195900820-00205

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Only a small minority continued breast-feeding, even in part, for the widely recommended six months. When we compare our figures with the findings of previous surveys in this field (Joint Committee, 1948 ;Dykes, 1950;Spence et al, 1954) we find, in fact, that at every age there has been a considerable reduction in breast-feeding over the past fifteen years (Table I).…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Breast-feeding in Decline

Newson¹,

Newson²

1962

BMJ

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Breast-feeding in Decline

Newson¹,

Newson²

1962

BMJ

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“…Socioeconomic status of the child's father was measured using the Registrar General's occupational classificatory system comprising five social classes, with one assumed to represent the most advantaged (Spence et al, ) (summarized in Table ). Housing grade was determined by the Deputy Chief Sanitary Inspector who visited and assessed the housing standards of four‐fifths of the respondents (Spence et al, ). Houses were graded according to the level of overcrowding, structural adequacy, shared/lack of amenities (lavatory, bath, no bath access), and availability of hot water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does childhood socioeconomic hardship affect reproductive strategy? Pathways of development

Sheppard

Pearce

Sear

2015

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesIn high‐income populations, evidence suggests that socioeconomic disadvantage early in life is correlated with reproductive strategy. Children growing up in unfavorable rearing environments tend to experience earlier sexual maturity and first births. Earlier first births may be associated with higher fertility, but links between socioeconomic disadvantage and larger family size have rarely been tested. The pathways through which early disadvantage influences reproduction are unknown. We test whether physiological factors link childhood adversity to age at first birth and total children.MethodsUsing data from the Newcastle Thousand Families Study, a 1947 British birth cohort, we developed path models to identify possible physiological traits linking childhood socioeconomic status, and poor housing standards, to two reproductive outcomes: age at first birth and total children. We explored birth weight, weight gain after birth, childhood illnesses, body mass index at age 9, age at menarche, and adult height as possible mediators.ResultsWe found direct, negative effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and housing on age at first birth, and of housing on fertility. Although we found links between childhood disadvantage and menarche and height, neither of these were significantly correlated with either reproductive outcome. Age at first birth completely mediates the relationship between childhood adversity and total fertility, which we believe has not been empirically demonstrated before.ConclusionsWhile there are some links between childhood adversity and child health, we find little evidence that physiological pathways, such as child health and growth, link early childhood adversity to reproductive outcomes in this relatively well‐nourished population. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:356–363, 2016. © 2015 The Authors American Journal of Human Biology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…However, these studies could not adjust for adult weight for height, and it is therefore not clear whether this increased risk flows from higher rates of adult obesity or whether childhood obesity itself confers additional risk. The Newcastle thousand families study was a 1947 birth cohort study, first described in 1954 11. We used these early data together with information collected on cohort members at the age of 50 to explore the effects of childhood obesity and underweight on adult obesity and risk factors for disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%