Ligand protected noble metal nanoparticles are excellent building blocks for colloidal selfâassembly. Metal nanoparticle selfâassembly offers routes for a wide range of multifunctional nanomaterials with enhanced optoelectronic properties. The emergence of atomically precise monolayer thiolâprotected noble metal nanoclusters has overcome numerous challenges such as uncontrolled aggregation, polydispersity, and directionalities faced in plasmonic nanoparticle selfâassemblies. Because of their wellâdefined molecular compositions, enhanced stability, and diverse surface functionalities, nanoclusters offer an excellent platform for developing colloidal superstructures via the selfâassembly driven by surface ligands and metal cores. More importantly, recent reports have also revealed the hierarchical structural complexity of several nanoclusters. In this review, the formulation and periodic selfâassembly of different noble metal nanoclusters are focused upon. Further, selfâassembly induced amplification of physicochemical properties, and their potential applications in molecular recognition, sensing, gas storage, device fabrication, bioimaging, therapeutics, and catalysis are discussed. The topics covered in this review are extensively associated with stateâofâtheâart achievements in the field of precision noble metal nanoclusters.