A Third Dose of the COVID-19 Vaccine, CVnCoV, Increased the Neutralizing Activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Delta Variant

Wolz, Olaf‐Oliver; Kays, Sarah-Katharina; Junker, Helga; Koch, Sven D.; Mann, Philipp; Quintini, Gianluca; Eisenhart-Rothe, Philipp von; Oostvogels, Lidia

doi:10.3390/vaccines10040508

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nucleic acid-DNA INO-4800 alpha, beta, gamma 2.1-fold (alpha), 6.9-fold (beta) reduction in nAbs, same as for the original strain (gamma) [188] INO-4802 alpha, beta, gamma nAb responses [189], prime-boost strategy [190] Nucleic acid-RNA BNT162b (Pfizer/BioNTech) alpha, beta, gamma, delta delta omicron Prevention of symptomatic and severe COVID-19 [191] 67% (Spain) [192] and 90% (the UK) [193] VE 25% (US) [194], 30% (Israel) [195], 51% (Qatar) [196] VE mRNA-1273 (Moderna) alpha, beta, gamma, delta 1.2-fold (alpha), 2.1-8.4-fold (beta, gamma, delta) nAb titer reduction [197] mRNA-1273.214 Omicron omicron BA.1, BA.4, BA.5 alpha, beta, gamma, delta Reduced nAbs in children compared to D614G [198] Superior nAb response compared to mRNA-1273 [199] Superior binding compared to mRNA-1273 [199] mRNA XBB.1.5 omicron XBB.1.5, EG.1.5 27-27.6-fold increase in nAb levels [200] CVnCOV (Curavec) delta Similar nAb levels as for wild-type SARS-CoV-2 [201] LNP-nCoVsaRNA alpha Protection against alpha variant in hamsters [202] ZIP1642 beta, delta Substantial nAb responses [203] saRNA/NLC SARS-CoV-2 alpha, beta, delta Robust nAb and Th1-biased T-cell responses [166] Flu, inactivated influenza A virus; nAbs, neutralizing antibodies; LNP, lipid nanoparticles; NDV, Newcastle disease virus; NLC, nanolipid particles; PsVNA, pseudovirus-neutralizing antibody; RBD, receptor binding domain; saRNA, self-amplifying RNA; VE, vaccine efficacy; VLP, virus-like particle; VoC, variant of concern.…”

Section: Type Of Vaccine Variant(s) Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mRNA XBB.1.5 vaccine booster elicited 27-fold and 27.6-fold enhanced neutralizing antibody levels against the omicron XBB.1.5 and EG5.1 variants [ 199 ]. In the case of the CVnCoV mRNA vaccine, a third dose elicited neutralizing antibody responses against both the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and the delta variant [ 200 ]. The antibody levels were higher than those obtained after two vaccinations.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Variants and Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023?

Lundstrom

2024

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has been highly successful in slowing down the COVID-19 pandemic. A wide spectrum of approaches including vaccines based on whole viruses, protein subunits and peptides, viral vectors, and nucleic acids has been developed in parallel. For all types of COVID-19 vaccines, good safety and efficacy have been obtained in both preclinical animal studies and in clinical trials in humans. Moreover, emergency use authorization has been granted for the major types of COVID-19 vaccines. Although high safety has been demonstrated, rare cases of severe adverse events have been detected after global mass vaccinations. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants possessing enhanced infectivity have affected vaccine protection efficacy requiring re-design and re-engineering of novel COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Furthermore, insight is given into preparedness against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

show abstract

Section: Type Of Vaccine Variant(s) Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sars-cov-2 Variants and Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023?

Lundstrom

2024

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CV-NCOV-002 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04515147) was a phase II, partially observer-blind, active-controlled, dose-confirmation trial to assess the safety and immunogenicity of provisionally selected CVnCoV dose levels of 6 µg and 12 µg in adults >60 years and 18-60 years of age [7,19].…”

Section: Trial Design Of Cv-ncov-001 and Cv-ncov-002mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Responses to the Former COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate CVnCoV and Their Relation to Reactogenicity and Adaptive Immunogenicity

Wolz,

Vahrenhorst,

Quintini

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccines are highly effective at preventing severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19). With mRNA vaccines, further research is needed to understand the association between immunogenicity and reactogenicity, which is defined as the physical manifestation of an inflammatory response to a vaccination. This study analyzed the immune response and reactogenicity in humans, post immunization, to the former SARS-CoV-2 mRNA investigational vaccine CVnCoV (CV-NCOV-001 and CV-NCOV-002 clinical trials). Immunogenicity was investigated using whole-blood RNA sequencing, serum cytokine levels, and SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. The T cell responses in peripheral blood were assessed using intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) and high-dimensional profiling in conjunction with SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specificity testing via mass cytometry. Reactogenicity was graded after participants’ first and second doses of CVnCoV using vaccine-related solicited adverse events (AEs). Finally, a Spearman correlation was performed between reactogenicity, humoral immunity, and serum cytokine levels to assess the relationship between reactogenicity and immunogenicity post CVnCoV vaccination. Our findings showed that the gene sets related to innate and inflammatory immune responses were upregulated one day post CVnCoV vaccination, while the gene sets related to adaptive immunity were upregulated predominantly one week after the second dose. The serum levels of IFNα, IFNγ, IP-10, CXCL11, IL-10, and MCP-1 increased transiently, peaking one day post vaccination. CD4+ T cells were induced in all vaccinated participants and low frequencies of CD8+ T cells were detected by ex vivo ICS. Using mass cytometry, SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8+ T cells were induced and were characterized as having an activated effector memory phenotype. Overall, the results demonstrated a positive correlation between vaccine-induced systemic cytokines, reactogenicity, and adaptive immunity, highlighting the importance of the balance between the induction of innate immunity to achieve vaccine efficacy and ensuring low reactogenicity.

show abstract

“…Hence, contrary to what was hypothesized in the months following the marketing of SARS-Cov-2 vaccines ( Mileto et al, 2021 ), there is today overwhelming evidence to reasonably disregard any potential risk of VAED associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immune responses. Millions of doses of vaccines, based on different immunization strategies, have been administered in the past months ( Wolz et al, 2022 ) without reports of VAED. Finally, no epidemiological or clinical evidence has been documented that suggests that the waning of vaccine-induced antibodies, which has been observed in the months following vaccination ( Groß et al, 2022 ; Nemet et al, 2022 ), might promote enhanced-pathology.…”

Section: Have Sars-cov-2 Vaccines and Vaccine Candidates Shown Any Ri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine-associated enhanced disease in humans and animal models: Lessons and challenges for vaccine development

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fight against infectious diseases calls for the development of safe and effective vaccines that generate long-lasting protective immunity. In a few situations, vaccine-mediated immune responses may have led to exacerbated pathology upon subsequent infection with the pathogen targeted by the vaccine. Such vaccine-associated enhanced disease (VAED) has been reported, or at least suspected, in animal models, and in a few instances in humans, for vaccine candidates against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), measles virus (MV), dengue virus (DENV), HIV-1, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1), and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Although alleviated by clinical and epidemiological evidence, a number of concerns were also initially raised concerning the short- and long-term safety of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is causing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Although the mechanisms leading to this phenomenon are not yet completely understood, the individual and/or collective role of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), complement-dependent enhancement, and cell-dependent enhancement have been highlighted. Here, we review mechanisms that may be associated with the risk of VAED, which are important to take into consideration, both in the assessment of vaccine safety and in finding ways to define models and immunization strategies that can alleviate such concerns.

show abstract

A Third Dose of the COVID-19 Vaccine, CVnCoV, Increased the Neutralizing Activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Delta Variant

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023?

COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023?

Innate Responses to the Former COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate CVnCoV and Their Relation to Reactogenicity and Adaptive Immunogenicity

Vaccine-associated enhanced disease in humans and animal models: Lessons and challenges for vaccine development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About