A thin porous substrate using bonded particles for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Ahumada, M.; Bryning, Mateusz B.; Cromer, Remy; Hartono, Michelle; Lee, Sang Joon John

doi:10.1117/12.909252

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Studies have shown that a reverse-emulsion electrophoretic display can provide a transmissivity in excess 70%, a wide viewing angle, bright colors, and low power consumption [12,13]. Figure 1: Illustration of reverse-emulsion droplet.…”

Section: Reverse-emulsion Electrophoretic Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally, the device is at its best lightness when only the white porous matrix is visible. Recent studies have demonstrated bistability and good uniformity achieved at low voltage, depending on the composition of the porous matrix [13]. Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a single-pixel display switching from a light to dark state.…”

Section: Reverse-emulsion Electrophoretic Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given these constraints, the calculated diffusivity would be D = 1. [13]). Structurally, the nanodroplets are reverse micelles, which form different shapes based on the environment, composition, and stabilization [65].…”

Section: London-van Der Waals Forces Are Characterized By the Interacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 19 shows These scanning electron microscopy image in figure 19 show that the powder specimen has a rougher structure, whereas the bounded specimen has fillers (adhesives) between particles. Prior studies [13] determined that using a micron-size TiO 2 powder bonded with 10% adhesive can produce a display and with the most consistent layer with the most uniform opacity. The comparison study of bonded versus paste (no adhesive) layers have shown that the 25% paste devices performed with excellent contrast initially, but after long cycles, the display suffers degradation.…”

Section: Porous Medium Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface layer comparison of a dry powder (left), and an adhesive bonded substrate (right) with TiO 2 powder[13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Wang¹

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Reverse-emulsion electrophoretic display technology is based on an electro-responsive ink comprised of self-assembled nanodroplets dispersed in a non-polar liquid. The dye-containing nanodroplets are selectively driven toward or away from the viewing plane of a display by electric fields. The hypothesis of this study is that image contrast in a nanodroplet electrophoretic display is governed by concentration and steric effects that limit the intensity of the dark state. Simultaneously, steric effects as well as electrostatic screening can diminish whiteness in the light state. This hypothesis has been tested by multiphysics simulation of dilute species in electrostatic fields and experimental measurements of relative luminance in test displays. Concentration level was varied in a range of dilutions from full concentration (100%) to one-eighth (12.5%) and the highest contrast ratio was achieved at 25%. The test devices exhibited behavior that was similar to the saturation effects predicted by simulation, accounting for steric effects. Ink concentration showed little effect on switching time, reaching steady-state within approximately 2 seconds for all concentration levels. The hypothesis was further tested by experimentally observing the effect of driving voltage between 1 V to 8 V. The results showed no significant improvement of contrast even at higher voltage, further suggesting that concentration and steric effects dictate maximum contrast. me the opportunity to conduct research within his group but also taught me the meaning of professionalism. This thesis would not be possible without his encouragement and direction. I would also like to thank Dr. Bryning for his friendly nature, immense knowledge, and valuable discussions. He was the Ironman that provided me with the tools to make data acquisition possible. Our constant laughter was what kept my dreams and spirits high. Next, I would like to thank Dr. Maryam Mobed-Miremadi. She is one of the kindest professors. She constantly provided new ideas, guidance, and encouragement to pursue a higher education degree. To my loving friends, it has been a great journey. I enjoyed our laughter, joy, and overnight projects with less than healthy food. A very special thanks to Will Schulkins for his invaluable assistance with dynamic light scattering measurements. I offer my sincere appreciation to Remy Cromer for giving me the opportunity to work with his nanodroplet ink. Finally, I would like to dedicate this work to my parents, Danny and Viola. This thesis is tangible evidence of my appreciation for my friends and family. Thank you for never doubting my ability, for your constant support, and for your unconditional love. It has provided me strength and willpower to complete this challenge and has helped me become a better person. v

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Section: Reverse-emulsion Electrophoretic Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reverse-emulsion Electrophoretic Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: London-van Der Waals Forces Are Characterized By the Interacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porous Medium Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface layer comparison of a dry powder (left), and an adhesive bonded substrate (right) with TiO 2 powder[13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Wang¹

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Hydraulic Sheet Resistance In Paper-Based Porous Media

Doser¹

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HYDRAULIC SHEET RESISTANCE IN PAPERBASED POROUS MEDIA by Stefan M. Doser This work investigates the special case of inplane fluid flow of a Newtonian incompressible fluid across a thin paperbased porous medium at very low Reynolds numbers (Re ≪ 1). Fluid transport with these characteristics is used in emerging devices such as microscale paperbased analytical devices (µ PADs). The mathematical similarity between Darcy's law and Ohm's law is considered, and hydraulic equivalents of current, voltage and resistance are determined to propose hydraulic sheet resistance. Darcy flow is predicted under these conditions and tested by experiment at two flow rates of 5 µL/min and 10 µL/min. A device was designed and fabricated to ensure a deterministic 310 μm gap that directs prescribed flow, unidirectionally across Grade 50 Whatman filter paper. Pressure was measured along the direction of flow over a 125 mm distance at six pressure ports placed at uniform increments of 25 mm. Measurements were recorded over a time period up to 48 hours at discrete intervals with at least four replicates. Measurements of the pressure profile showed a linear relationship as predicted by Darcy's law, which allow hydraulic permeability, hydraulic bulk resistivity and hydraulic sheet resistivity to be calculated as 324 mm 2 , 2995 s 1 and 9433 (mm⋅s) 1 respectively. Among replicates measured under the same set of controllable experimental conditions, the data also show a nonlinear relationship, suggesting transition into a nonlinear flow regime dependent upon inlet pressure and media tortuosity.

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A thin porous substrate using bonded particles for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Cited by 2 publications

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Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Hydraulic Sheet Resistance In Paper-Based Porous Media

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A thin porous substrate using bonded particles for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Effect of nanodroplet ink concentration on image contrast for reverse-emulsion electrophoretic displays

Hydraulic Sheet Resistance In Paper­-Based Porous Media

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Hydraulic Sheet Resistance In Paper-Based Porous Media