A thermomechanical analysis of hot spot formation in condensed-phase, energetic materials

Kang, Jae-Mo; Butler, Paul D.; Baer, M.R.

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(92)90023-i

Cited by 87 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The hot layer is bounded by a large "cold" mass that serves as a heat sink and a void or gas volume that serves as a repository of gas products. This particular idealization in plane geometry is chosen to represent multiple types of hot spots that are created by mechanisms such as spherical-void collapse (Kang et al 1992), shear banding (Kipp 1987), and friction (Dienes 1984) in a unified fashion. The model is a framework in which various mechanisms at grain level are conceptualized in plane geometry to capture the essential features of hot-spot ignition and growth.…”

Section: Appendix B: Thermochemical Data For Rdxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These gases then react uniformly in the bulk gas volume, following the specified kinetic equations. Current models for the latter are again based on the mechanisms discussed in Kang et al (1992). We emphasize that the detail assignation of chemical reactions is open to change and needs to be modified, when available, by the model that better describes the transformation of solids into the final gas products.…”

Section: Appendix B: Thermochemical Data For Rdxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If "hot spots" are mentioned in these models, they are used only empirically to reproduce certain characteristics such as shock-induced ignition temperature and induction time for global reactions. The second type, represented by Kang et al (1992), Massoni et al (1999), and Bennett et al (1998), is an extension of the first type to include a microscopic description of the origin of hot spots, such as void collapse and frictional sliding. The evolution of reacted mass fraction is now modeled by simplified chemical kinetics occurring on the microscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanistic Reactive Burn Modeling of Solid Explosives

Horie¹,

Hamate²,

Greening³

2003

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Section: Appendix B: Thermochemical Data For Rdxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix B: Thermochemical Data For Rdxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanistic Reactive Burn Modeling of Solid Explosives

Horie¹,

Hamate²,

Greening³

2003

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“…On the one hand, cavitation acts as a means of increasing the sensitivity of explosive for ignition, but on the other hand, it represents a potential safety problem for handling such materials. The interest in both considerations inspired an amount of theoretical, experimental and numerical work aiming to study the influence of cavities to the explosives [2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the early studies, conventional Eulerian and/or Lagrangian schemes were used [5][6][7][8][9]. When conventional Lagrangian methods are used, the mesh distortion associated with large deformations reduces the accuracy and will probably terminate the computations; ultimately, a re-meshing treatment is required, which is not a straightforward task and generally inefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized interpolation material point approach to high melting explosive with cavities under shock

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2007

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Criterion for contacting is critically important for the Generalized Interpolation Material Point(GIMP) method. We present an improved criterion by adding a switching function. With the method dynamical response of high melting explosive(HMX) with cavities under shock is investigated. The physical model used in the present work is an elastic-to-plastic and thermal-dynamical model with Mie-Grüneissen equation of state. We mainly concern the influence of various parameters, including the impacting velocity v, cavity size R, etc, to the dynamical and thermodynamical behaviors of the material. For the colliding of two bodies with a cavity in each, a secondary impacting is observed. Correspondingly, the separation distance D of the two bodies has a maximum value D max in between the initial and second impacts. When the initial impacting velocity v is not large enough, the cavity collapses in a nearly symmetric fashion, the maximum separation distance D max increases with v. When the initial shock wave is strong enough to collapse the cavity asymmetrically along the shock direction, the variation of D max with v does not show monotonic behavior. Our numerical results show clear indication that the existence of cavities in explosive helps the creation of "hot spots".

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Effects of different mass ratios on mechanical properties and impact energy release characteristics of Al/PTFE/W and Al/PTFE/CuO polymer composites

Xu,

Fang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene (Al/PTFE) is an impact‐initiated material that is extensively utilized in military and civilian applications due to its insensitivity, high energy density and ease of manufacturing. To increase both its compressive strength and energy density, Al/PTFE was doped with various amounts of W and CuO particles. These polymer composites exhibit elastoplastic properties, as well as significant strain hardening and strain‐rate hardening during compression deformation. At a strain rate of 5000 s−1, the compressive strength of the Al/PTFE/W and Al/PTFE/CuO specimens with an additive content of 30% reaches a peak of 194.1 and 189.2 MPa, which corresponds to an increase of 40.3% and 36.8%, respectively, compared with the compressive strength of Al/PTFE (138.3 MPa). The homogeneous bonding strength between the additives and PTFE and the fact that the elastic PTFE nanofibers inhibit the extension of microcracks are the main mechanical strengthening mechanisms. The reaction of the composites under high‐speed impact is violent and accompanied by sputtering sparks, and the reaction efficiency was determined using an improved drop‐hammer apparatus. As the W content increases, the impact reactivity of Al/PTFE/W decreases monotonically. However, as CuO content increases, the reaction intensity of Al/PTFE/CuO initially increases, and then decreases. At a CuO content of 30%, the energy release efficiency of Al/PTFE/CuO reaches its maximum (10.49%), which is 84.4% higher than that of Al/PTFE. TG‐DSC and XRD tests were performed to analyze the pyrolysis process and elucidate the reaction mechanism. A gas–solid chemical reaction model was developed, and the reactivity arises from multiple factors.Highlights Typical elastoplastic characteristics as well as strain hardening and strain‐rate hardening were observed. The mechanical strengthening effect of W particles is higher than that of CuO particles of Al/PTFE specimen. The addition of W particles decreases the impact reactivity, but the addition of CuO particles improves the energy density of Al/PTFE. The reaction efficiency of Al/PTFE/CuO reaches a peak of 10.49%, which increased by 84.4% compared with that of Al/PTFE.

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A thermomechanical analysis of hot spot formation in condensed-phase, energetic materials

Cited by 87 publications

References 6 publications

Mechanistic Reactive Burn Modeling of Solid Explosives

Mechanistic Reactive Burn Modeling of Solid Explosives

Generalized interpolation material point approach to high melting explosive with cavities under shock

Effects of different mass ratios on mechanical properties and impact energy release characteristics of Al/PTFE/W and Al/PTFE/CuO polymer composites

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