A thermoelectric voltage effect in polyethylene oxide

Martin, B.G.; Wagner, Achim; Kliem, H.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/36/4/304

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Actually, the emergence of elliptical or pointed shapes in P – E hysteresis loops may be caused by the leakage current in the corresponding materials. [ 50 ] Meanwhile, nonferroelectric hysteresis loops may appear in materials measured in a humid atmosphere [ 51 ] (Figure 4c), which can be mistaken for ferroelectric behavior. Nonferroelectric hysteresis loops can also arise from experimental artifacts.…”

Section: Origin Of Ferroelectricity In Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Halide Perovskite Ferroelectrics

et al. 2023

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lasers, [5] single-mode lasers, [6] continuouswave lasers, [7] polariton lasers, [8] and laser arrays. [9] Halide perovskites have also been widely studied in photocatalytic organic reaction, [10] photocatalytic CO 2 reduction, [11] and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. [12] Due to their broad technological importance, halide perovskites have become the focus of current research.Recently, ferroelectricity has been detected in halide perovskites and quickly attracted widespread interest. [13] Ferroelectricity is a characteristic of spontaneous polarization in certain materials, which can be reversed by applying an external electric field. The discovery of ferroelectricity can be traced back to 1920 [14] (Figure 1a), when Valasek measured the polarization of Rochelle Salt as a function of the applied electric field. Perovskite ferroelectric first appeared on the scene in the early 1940s [15] (Figure 1b). Up to now, perovskite oxides (e.g., BaTiO 3 , [16] PbZr x Ti 1−x O 3 , [17] Bi 4−x La x Ti 3 O 12 , [18] LiNbO 3 , [19] and LiTaO 3 [20] ) as main ferroelectric materials have been widely applied to supercapacitors, [21] memories, [22] sensors, [23] and actuators, [24] which play key roles in modern technologies benefiting human lives. Nevertheless, the fatal weakness of brittleness for most perovskite oxides limits their application in flexible devices. [25] Therefore, perovskite oxide ferroelectrics are losing competitiveness in future technologies pursuing device miniaturization and flexibility. The emergence of halide perovskite ferroelectrics that feature the natural advantages of structural softness and lightweight has thus opened a new chapter in ferroelectric research.Since ferroelectricity was recognized in halide perovskites, the research activities have mainly focused on designing novel halide perovskite ferroelectrics. [35] In the past few years, the collective efforts from interdisciplinary communities have made available a collection of halide perovskite ferroelectrics with distinct compositions and structures (Figure 1c-i), such as 0D (NMP) 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 (NMP = N-methylpyrrolidinium) , [31] 1D (3-pyrrolinium)CdCl 3 , [28] 2D (BEA) 2 PbCl 4 (BEA = benzylammonium), [29] and 3D organometal (AP)RbBr 3 (AP = 3-ammoniopyrrolidinium). [30] Preliminary experiments have revealed the great promise of these materials for applications in ferroelectric photovoltaics, [36] self-powered photodetection, [37] and X-ray detection. [38] On a separate note, the development of halide perovskite ferroelectrics also raises important issues in the mechanistic investigation of halide perovskite in optoelectronics. For example, the possible existence of ferroelectricity was proposed to explain the superior optoelectronic Halide perovskites have gained tremendous attention in the past decade owing to their excellent properties in optoelectronics. Recently, a fascinating property, ferroelectricity, has been discovered in halide perovskites and quickly attracted widespread interest. Compared with traditional perovskite oxide fe...

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Section: Origin Of Ferroelectricity In Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Halide Perovskite Ferroelectrics

et al. 2023

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“…[ 20 ] Figure a presents the S i of PEO‐Emim:OAC ionogels with different IL content. We can see that the S i increases significantly with increasing the weight percentage of Emim:OAC ( W IL / W PEO+IL ), from S i = 8 mV K −1 for W IL / W PEO+IL = 50% to S i = 13.6 mV K −1 for W IL / W PEO+IL = 80%, which are higher than that of pristine Emim:OAC (2 mV K −1 shown in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information) and PEO (2.99 mV K −1 reported [ 14 ] ). Another ionic liquid, Emim:DCA, was also used to synthesize the ionogels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in 2003, a Seebeck coefficient of about 2.99 mV K −1 has been found in undoped PEO due to mobility of thermally activated positive ions. [ 14 ] Besides, when polyethylene glycol (PEG, a polymer of ethylene oxide with a molecular mass below 20 000 g mol −1 ) was added into PVDF‐HFP/Emim:TFSI, the S i was converted from n type to p type because of the ability of PEG to facilitate the migration of Emim + . [ 12 ] Crispin and co‐workers also reported that polyethylene oxide (PEO, a polymer of ethylene oxide with a molecular mass above 20 000 g mol −1 ) enables the faster transport of Na + .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Intermolecular Interactions Towards High‐Performance Thermoelectric Ionogels at Low Humidity

et al. 2022

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Development of ionic thermoelectric (iTE) materials is of immense interest for efficient heat-to-electricity conversion due to their giant ionic Seebeck coefficient (S i ), but challenges remain in terms of relatively small S i at low humidity, poor stretchability, and ambiguous interaction mechanism in ionogels. Herein, a novel ionogel is reported consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide (P123), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (Emim:OAC). By delicately designing the interactions between ions and polymers, the migration of anions is restricted due to their strong binding with the hydroxyl groups of polymers, while the transport of cations is facilitated through segmental motions due to the increased amorphous regions, thereby leading to enlarged diffusion difference between the cations and anions. Moreover, the plasticizing effect of P123 and Emim:OAC can increase the elongation at break. As a consequence, the ionogel exhibits excellent properties including high S i (18 mV K −1 at relative humidity of 60%), good ionic conductivity (1.1 mS cm −1 ), superior stretchability (787%), and high stability (over 80% retention after 600 h). These findings show a promising strategy to obtain multifunctional iTE materials by engineering the intermolecular interactions and demonstrate the great potential of ionogels for harvesting low-grade heat in human-comfortable humidity environments.

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