A thermal‐optimal design of lithium‐ion battery for the container storage system

Abstract

Energy storage system (ESS) provides a new way to solve the imbalance between supply and demand of power system caused by the difference between peak and valley of power consumption. [1][2][3] Compared with various energy storage technologies, the container storage system has the superiority of long cycle life, high reliability, and strong environmental adaptability, which attracts more and more attention. 4,5 The ESS has some vertical racks, equipped with a battery management system, a heating ventilation air conditioning system, and a fire detection and suppression system. 6,7 Unfortunately, there were many energy storage battery fires in previous years. 8-10 A Korean government report indicated that a significant factor in the cause of the fires was the thermal runaway of batteries. 11 Therefore, a well-designed battery thermal management system (BTMS) is highly needed. [12][13][14] It has been found that air cooling is currently the most widely used cooling method due to its low manufacturing cost, low energy consumption, and low layout requirements. [15][16][17][18]

A Comparative Study of Active, Passive, and Hybrid Thermal Management Systems for Li-Ion Batteries: Performance Analysis

“…Excessive temperatures have been shown to severely lower a battery's capacity [4], [5] degrade the performance of the nanostructure and crystal structure of the electrode material [6], and hence limit its lifetime. Hence, the danger of thermal runaway will grow drastically, which might easily result in safety incidents [7], [8]. Hence, a scientific and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for ensuring the service life and safety performance of electric vehicles.…”

A novel multilayer composite structure based battery thermal management system

“…In the air-based battery thermal management system, air is used as the cooling/heating medium to regulate the temperature of lithium-ion batteries. The main advantages of the air-based battery thermal management system are its simple structure, low cost, and high reliability (Shi et al, 2022). However, its main disadvantage is the low thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of air, which leads to low heat transfer efficiency between the air and battery surface (Yi et al, 2022).…”