A thermal balance model of the formation of sedimentary-exhalative lead-zinc deposits

Strens, M. R.; Cann, D. L.; Cann, J. R.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.82.5.1192

Cited by 8 publications

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“…The most likely process is alteration of pre-existing magnetite to non-magnetic phases, although other possibilities are the deposition of reversely magnetized mineralization, with pyrrhotite as the most likely candidate on the basis of the orefield evidence, or emplacement of a reversely magnetized intrusion beneath the granite. Cann & Banks (2001) considered that the main (late Permian) mineralizing episode in the region resulted from deep hydrothermal circulation through a network of cracks which propagated downwards into the basement because of thermal contraction of the host rock in response to cooling by the circulating fluids (Russell 1978;Strens et al 1987). There may well have been other episodes of hydrothermal circulation, given the evidence for very high pre-Whin Sill temperatures indicated by petrographic and vitrinite reflectance studies (Creaney 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The North Pennine batholith (Weardale Granite) of northern England: new data on its age and form

Kimbell

Young

Millward

et al. 2010

PYGS

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SUMMARY:A three-dimensional gravity model of the North Pennine batholith is interpreted to indicate that it comprises five contiguous steep-sided plutons. The North Pennine batholith was previously referred to as the Weardale Granite, but this term is now restricted to the largest, most central pluton, which was proved by the Rookhope Borehole in 1961. The surrounding plutons are the Tynehead and Scordale plutons in the west, and the Rowlands Gill and Cornsay plutons in the east. A new U-Pb zircon age of 399.3 ± 0.7 Ma demonstrates an unequivocal Early Devonian (Emsian) age of emplacement for the Weardale Pluton. The similarity of the forms of the four unsampled plutons to the body beneath Rookhope, and to other Devonian granites in Northern England, strongly suggests that they are also of Devonian age. Seismic reflection evidence supports a contrast between relatively deep-seated Devonian granites and tabular Ordovician granites in northern England. The most conspicuous magnetic anomalies over the North Pennine batholith are associated with the Early Permian Great Whin Sill, but there is also evidence of magnetized basement rocks or denser magnetic intrusive phases on the flanks of the non-magnetic, low density plutons. A long-wavelength magnetic low can be explained in part by the granite puncturing a deep magnetic basement, although the demagnetized zone may extend beneath the batholith. A spatial correlation between the vein systems in the Northern Pennine Orefield and the form of the batholith suggests that the granite masses played a significant role in focussing mineralizing fluids into the overlying Carboniferous rocks. The highest temperature mineralization occurs over the Weardale and Tynehead plutons, where there is also the clearest evidence for the channelling of mineralizing fluids through the batholith. The other plutons are generally associated with a lower intensity of mineralization, which occurs on Kimbell et al. N Pennine granite batholith 2 their flanks rather than above their roofs. The Rookhope and Tynehead areas may therefore mark the location of convective 'chimneys' which were important in focussing the fluid circulation responsible for the mineralization. The coincidence of the 'chimney' zones with the minimum of the long wavelength magnetic low suggests that the hydrothermal system may also have played a role in modifying crustal magnetization. [End of Summary]The existence of a granite body concealed beneath the Alston Block in the north Pennines was first suggested on the basis of the zoned distribution of constituent minerals within the area's hydrothermal veins and related deposits (Dunham 1934(Dunham , 1948. A central zone is characterized by high temperature mineral assemblages in which fluorite is prevalent (Fig. 1).This zone is surrounded by lower temperature mineralization dominated by barium minerals.Comparison with the south-west England orefields led Dunham (1934) to speculate that a concealed, 'Variscan'-age granite 'batholith or stock' beneath the orefield centre ge...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The North Pennine batholith (Weardale Granite) of northern England: new data on its age and form

Kimbell

Young

Millward

et al. 2010

PYGS

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“…In general, sedimentary-exhalative (SEDEX) processes are considered to be related to formation of a variety of ore deposits, including sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag (e.g., Hamilton et al, 1982;Strens et al, 1987;Goodfellow et al, 1993;Sewell and Wheatley, 1994;Whitehead et al, 1996;Fernandez and Velasco, 1997;Large et al, 1998;Sangster and Hillary, 1998;Paradis et al, 1998;Cooke et al, 2000;Canet et al, 2003;Large et al, 2005;Tornos and Heinrich, 2008;Kawasaki et al, 2010), Cu (Gu and Xu, 1986;Wang and Qin, 1989), barite (e.g., Clark and Orris, 1991;MacIntyre, 1992;Clark et al, 2004), NiMo (Lott et al, 1999), Sn-polymetallic (Han and Hutchinson, 1989;Jiang et al, 1999) and, probably, some precious metal deposits (e.g., Zheng et al, 1993;Gu, 1996;Emsbo et al, 1999;Gu et al, 1996Gu et al, , 2000Gu et al, , 2002cCanet et al, 2004). The Woxi W-Sb-Au deposit discussed in this study may represent another example of this ore formation model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Woxi W–Sb–Au deposit in Hunan, South China: An example of Late Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) mineralization

Zhang

Schulz

et al. 2012

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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Extensional Veins and Pb-Zn Mineralisation in Basement Rocks: The Role of Penetration of Formation Brines

Gleeson

Yardley

2002

Water-Rock Interaction

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A thermal balance model of the formation of sedimentary-exhalative lead-zinc deposits

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

The North Pennine batholith (Weardale Granite) of northern England: new data on its age and form

The North Pennine batholith (Weardale Granite) of northern England: new data on its age and form

The Woxi W–Sb–Au deposit in Hunan, South China: An example of Late Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) mineralization

Extensional Veins and Pb-Zn Mineralisation in Basement Rocks: The Role of Penetration of Formation Brines

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