This work develops a musical analysis of Concert à quatre (1990-1), a work for four soloists (flute, oboe, cello, piano) and large orchestra, by Olivier Messiaen, presenting the harmonic procedures and the main elements that characterize his compositional language. Seeks to identify and understand the use of concepts established by Messiaen, as well as investigate the processes that structure Concert à quatre harmony getting priority to an approach based on analysis of common voices. Highlighting Vingt Leçons d'Harmonie (1951) within the literature that relates studies on the bibliographic production of the composer, it associates this production with the main compositional elements of Concert à quatre and addresses references that refer to Messiaen's theoretical and musical studies. It uses sets segmentation and mapping common voices chord sequences as analytical tools. The analysis shows how the Modes of Limited Transposition and its subsets structure the work, being concurrent with the occurrence of brief tonicizations and forming harmonic reference centers, showing classes and recurring intervals. Furthermore, it emphasizes the use of the elements that are finishers constituent sections and transient portions, looking forward to consolidate the sound generated by each section.