A theoretical assessment of recombinational speciation

McCarthy, Eugene M; Asmussen, Marjorie A.; Anderson, Wyatt W.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.71

Cited by 122 publications

(131 citation statements)

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“…The patterns of differential rates of reproductive isolation in allopatry described above are compatible with theoretical models of speciation (18,42,43). Theoretical treatments of hybrid speciation have shown that speciation is likely to occur faster when the chromosomal differences between the parental taxa were low and the hybrids were common in a given population (44). We posit that empirical data from the genus Artibeus meet these criteria, because all species of Artibeus possess a highly conserved karyotype (45), and the available data indicate that A. schwartzi is of hybrid origin and that the St. Vincent population is self-sustaining.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Natural hybridization generates mammalian lineage with species characteristics

Larsen

Marchán-Rivadeneira

Baker

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

144

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Most diploid species arise from single-species ancestors. Hybrid origins of new species are uncommon (except among polyploids) and are documented infrequently in animals. Examples of natural hybridization leading to speciation in mammals are exceedingly rare. Here, we show a Caribbean species of bat (Artibeus schwartzi) has a nuclear genome derived from two nonsister but congeneric species (A. jamaicensis and A. planirostris) and a mitochondrial genome that is from a third extinct or uncharacterized congener. Artibeus schwartzi is self-sustaining, morphologically distinct, and exists in near geographic isolation of its known parent species. Island effects (i.e., area, reduced habitat variability, and geographic isolation) likely have restricted gene flow from parental species into the Caribbean populations of this hybrid lineage, thus contributing to local adaptation and isolation of this newly produced taxon. We hypothesize differential rates of the development of reproductive isolation within the genus and estimate that 2.5 million years was an insufficient amount of time for the development of postzygotic isolation among the three species that hybridized to produce A. schwartzi. Reticulated evolution thus has resulted in a genomic combination from three evolutionary lineages and a transgressive phenotype that is distinct from all other known species of Artibeus. The data herein further demonstrate the phenomenon of speciation by hybridization in mammals is possible in nature.Artibeus | Chiroptera | hybrid speciation | reticulate evolution | transgressive segregation D espite empirical studies documenting the establishment of animal hybrid lineages (1-8), the evolutionary importance of speciation by natural hybridization in animals is unknown and often is considered minor because the offspring of such crosses typically are less fit than either parental species (9, 10). Nearly all reported cases of homoploid speciation events (hybrid speciation without change in chromosome number) (11) in animals are among species of insects or fish (12), and there are only a handful of suspected cases in mammals (13-17). Thus hybrid speciation appears to be especially rare in mammals, a consequence of either unfavorable conditions for hybrid speciation to occur (i.e., ecological, physiological, hybrid zone structure) or a lack of empirically based research (18,19). Here, we describe a zone of admixture on a series of Caribbean islands within which three species of Neotropical bats have hybridized resulting in a novel lineage with species-level distinction. Our genetic and morphometric analyses have identified a unique hybrid zone among species of fruit-eating bats, leading us to the hypothesis that natural hybridization has generated a distinct lineage that exists in these insular populations. Our data also indicate that this phenotypic and genotypic combination is geographically isolated from extant parental species on the southern Lesser Antillean island of Saint Vincent.Two species of fruit-eating bats, Artibeus jamaicensis...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Natural hybridization generates mammalian lineage with species characteristics

Larsen

Marchán-Rivadeneira

Baker

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

144

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“…Expectations of reproductive isolating mechanisms from modelling studies McCarthy et al (1995) have shown that homoploid hybrid speciation is most likely to occur if the hybrid is predominantly autogamous. More recently, Buerkle et al (2000) showed that in cases where a hybrid reproduces by outcrossing, ecological and spatial isolation were crucial to the establishment of a new homoploid hybrid species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Husband and Schemske (2000) have further demonstrated that the establishment of an autopolyploid in sympatry with its diploid parent will be greatly enhanced by assortative mating caused by asynchronous flowering and pollinator preference. In addition, several studies (McCarthy et al, 1995;Husband and Schemske, 2000) have identified a clumped distribution as an important factor to reduce intertype pollinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This disadvantage will be avoided if a prezygotic isolating mechanism prevents or reduces significantly the production of such offspring. Theoretical modelling shows that even relatively minor increases in autogamy, clumped distribution (McCarthy et al, 1995) or ecological differentiation (Buerkle et al, 2000) can favour the sympatric establishment of a new hybrid lineage. For example, in the outcrossing, homoploid hybrid species, Helianthus anomalus and H. paradoxus, prezygotic isolation is achieved from both parent taxa, H. annuus and H. petiolaris, by ecological separation (Schwarzbach et al, 2001;Welch and Rieseberg, 2002), which also helps to reduce the effects of competition with the parents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive isolation of a new hybrid species, Senecio eboracensis Abbott & Lowe (Asteraceae)

Lowe

Abbott

2004

Heredity

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“…According to theory, ecological divergence of a homoploid neospecies from its parents is of critical importance and, when combined with a postmating chromosomal or genic sterility barrier, will increase greatly the chance of successful establishment of such species (McCarthy et al 1995;Buerkle et al 2000; see also Barton 2001). In fact, all confirmed examples of homoploid hybrid species are known to be ecologically isolated from their parent taxa (Rieseberg 1997;Gross and Rieseberg 2005), and in hybrid sunflower species (Helianthus) it has been demonstrated that novel adaptations to habitats from which parents are excluded arose through transgressive segregation .…”

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confidence: 99%

Recent, Allopatric, Homoploid Hybrid Speciation: The Origin of Senecio Squalidus (Asteraceae) in the British Isles From a Hybrid Zone on Mount Etna, Sicily

2005

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Abstract. Homoploid hybrid speciation occurs through stabilization of a hybrid segregate (or segregates) isolated by premating and/or postmating barriers from parent taxa. Theory predicts that ecological and spatial isolation are of critical importance during homoploid hybrid speciation, and all confirmed homoploid hybrid species are ecologically isolated from their parents. Until recently, such species have been identified long after they originated, and consequently it has not been possible to determine the relative importance of spatial and ecological isolation during their origin. Here we present evidence for the recent origin (within the past 300 years) of a new homoploid hybrid species, Senecio squalidus (Asteraceae), in the British Isles, following long-distance dispersal of hybrid material from a hybrid zone between S. aethnensis and S. chrysanthemifolius on Mount Etna, Sicily, Italy. Historical records show that such hybrid material from Sicily was introduced to the Oxford Botanic Garden in Britain in the early part of the 18th century and that S. squalidus began to spread from there after approximately 90 years. A survey of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA/intersimple sequence repeats (RAPD/ISSR) marker variation demonstrated that S. squalidus is a diploid hybrid derivative of S. aethnensis and S. chrysanthemifolius that grow at high and low altitudes, respectively, on Mount Etna and that form a hybrid zone at intermediate altitudes. Senecio squalidus contained 11 of 13 RAPD/ISSR markers that were recorded at high frequency in S. chrysanthemifolius but were absent or occurred at low frequency in S. aethnensis, and 10 of 13 markers for which the reverse was true. Bayesian admixture analysis showed that all individuals of S. squalidus surveyed were of mixed ancestry with relatively high mean proportions of ancestry derived from both S. chrysanthemifolius and S. aethnensis (0.644 and 0.356, respectively). We argue that long-distance isolation of hybrid material from its parents on Mount Etna would have helped favor the origin and establishment of S. squalidus in the British Isles, regardless of whether the initial hybrid material introduced to Britain was preadapted to local conditions.

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A theoretical assessment of recombinational speciation

Cited by 122 publications

References 9 publications

Natural hybridization generates mammalian lineage with species characteristics

Natural hybridization generates mammalian lineage with species characteristics

Reproductive isolation of a new hybrid species, Senecio eboracensis Abbott & Lowe (Asteraceae)

Recent, Allopatric, Homoploid Hybrid Speciation: The Origin of Senecio Squalidus (Asteraceae) in the British Isles From a Hybrid Zone on Mount Etna, Sicily

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