A theoretical approach to the assessment of boron phytotoxicity resulting from the amelioration of minespoil with pulverised fuel ash

An appraisal of the potential use of fly ash for reclaiming coal mine spoil

“…Establishing vegetative cover on coal-mine spoil is challenging for a variety of reasons, including compaction, poor WHC, poor fertility, high acidity or salinity, nutrient deficiency, the presence of heavy metals at phytotoxic concentrations, extreme temperatures, water logging, accelerated runoff erosion and pyritic oxidation leading to the formation of sulphuric acid (Perkins, 1996). These and other factors can interfere with the goal of restoration, which is usually to develop a sustainable ecosystem that is reflective of, if not identical to, the pre-mining native environment (Chambers et al, 1994).…”

The Coupling Effects of Using Coal Fly‐Ash and Bio‐Inoculant for Rehabilitation of Disturbed Biocrusts in Active Sand Dunes

“…It has been found that coal flyash can be used as a soil amendment that may improve physical, chemical and biological properties of degraded sodic soils and is a source of readily available plant micro-and macro-nutrients (Kumar & Singh, 2003). However the use of pulverized fly-ash as a soil amendment has introduced cold-water soluble boron at levels that are likely to be phytotoxic to plants (Shaw & Moffat, 1993: Perkins, 1996. Other studies investigate the relationships between soil organisms and coal fly-ash (El-Mogazi et al, 1988;Grewal et al, 2001) and showed that the effect of coal fly-ash amendment (<10%) on soil biological properties is very small (Schutter & Fuhrmann, 2001).…”