A theoretical and numerical investigation of travelling wave induction microfluidic pumping in a temperature gradient

Liu, Weiyu; Ren, Yukun; Shao, Jinyou; Jiang, Hongyuan; Ding, Yucheng

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/7/075501

Cited by 47 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Of late, theoretical and experimental studies on AC electrokinetics [26][27][28] have extended to AC electroosmosis (ACEO) 29,30 and AC electrothermal (ACET). 31 The mechanism of ACEO is not effective in the highconductivity fluid and unsuitable for the fluids in organs-on-a-chip platforms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell culture medium was pumped by an ACET asymmetric electrode array, while two types of human cells, embryonic kidney (HEK293T) and colon carcinoma (SW620), grew well in the device for more than 72 h without experiencing Joule heating from ACET flow or electrical damage from the electrodes. This is a conventional asymmetric electrode array where ACET flow moves from the narrow electrode toward the broad one 26,36 ( Fig. 1(a)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

et al. 2016

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Herein, we first describe a perfusion chip integrated with an AC electrothermal (ACET) micromixer to supply a uniform drug concentration to tumor cells. The inplane fluid microvortices for mixing were generated by six pairs of reconstructed novel ACET asymmetric electrodes. To enhance the mixing efficiency, the novel ACET electrodes with rotating angles of 0 , 30 , and 60 were investigated. The asymmetric electrodes with a rotating angle of 60 exhibited the highest mixing efficiency by both simulated and experimental results. The length of the mixing area is 7 mm, and the mixing efficiency is 89.12% (approximate complete mixing) at a voltage of 3 V and a frequency of 500 kHz. The applicability of our micromixer with electrodes rotating at 60 was demonstrated by the drug (tamoxifen) test of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) for five days, which implies that our ACET inplane microvortices micromixer has great potential for the application of drug induced rapid death of tumor cells and mixing of biomaterials in organs-on-a-chip systems. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

et al. 2016

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“…On this basis, the electrode plane should have a lower temperature than the medium bulk. Due to the high thermal conductivity of Si material, a silicon substrate will make the Joule heating-induced hot spot levitate some distance above the electrode surface, which naturally leads to the formation of an attraction-type device ( Fig.3(a) in [34]). In current experiment, glass material of low thermal conductivity kglass=1[W·m -1 ·K -1 ] is used to construct the insulating base for supporting the circulating electrode array.…”

Section: Experimental Observation Of Rot-etf Fluid Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In current experiment, glass material of low thermal conductivity kglass=1[W·m -1 ·K -1 ] is used to construct the insulating base for supporting the circulating electrode array. The low heat dissipation capability of glass material effectively makes the hot spots due to electric heating generation located right on the electrode surface, namely, the maximum temperature rise takes place right in the electrode plane, thereby actuating a repulsion-type induction vortex ( Fig.3(b) in [34]). In this sense, preliminary theoretical analysis goes against the counterclockwise rotating whirlpool captured in our experiment with a CCD camera.…”

Section: Experimental Observation Of Rot-etf Fluid Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interaction of such heating-induced dielectric gradients with an applied electric field effectively produces a kind of dielectrophoretic (DEP) force exerting directly on the fluid bulk. In light of this, induction EHD is commonly referred to as AC electrothermal flow (ACET) [34]. There are manly two practical prototypes for actively driving ACET fluid motion, including standing-wave electrothermal (SWET) and traveling-wave electrothermal (TWET) [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrode Cooling Effect on Out-of-Phase Electrothermal Streaming in Rotating Electric Fields

Liu

Ren

Tao

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:In this work, we focus on investigating electrothermal flow in a rotating electric field (ROT-ETF), with primary attention paid to the horizontal traveling-wave electrothermal (TWET) vortex induced at the center of the electric field. The frequency-dependent flow profiles in the microdevice are analyzed using different heat transfer models. Accordingly, we address in particular the importance of electrode cooling in ROT-ETF as metal electrodes of high thermal conductivity while substrate material of low heat dissipation capability are employed to develop such microfluidic chips. Under this circumstance, cooling of electrode array due to external natural convection on millimeter-scale electrode pads for external wire connection occurs and makes the internal temperature maxima shift from the electrode plane to a bit of distance right above the crossshaped interelectrode gaps, giving rise to reversal of flow rotation from a typical repulsion-type to attraction-type induction vortex, which is in good accordance with our experimental observations of co-field TWET streaming at frequencies on the order of reciprocal charge relaxation time of the bulk fluid. These results point out a way to make a correct interpretation of out-of-phase electrothermal streaming behavior, which holds great potential for handing high-conductivity analytes in modern microfluidic systems.

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Enhanced model‐based design of a high‐throughput three dimensional micromixer driven by alternating‐current electrothermal flow

Ren

Jiang

2016

Electrophoresis

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We propose a 3D microfluidic mixer based on the alternating current electrothermal (ACET) flow. The ACET vortex is produced by 3D electrodes embedded in the sidewall of the microchannel and is used to stir the fluidic sample throughout the entire channel depth. An optimized geometrical structure of the proposed 3D micromixer device is obtained based on the enhanced theoretical model of ACET flow and natural convection. We quantitatively analyze the flow field driven by the ACET, and a pattern of electrothermal microvortex is visualized by the micro-particle imaging velocimetry. Then, the mixing experiment is conducted using dye solutions with varying solution conductivities. Mixing efficiency can exceed 90% for electrolytes with 0.2 S/m (1 S/m) when the flow rate is 0.364 μL/min (0.728 μL/min) and the imposed peak-to-peak voltage is 52.5 V (35 V). A critical analysis of our micromixer in comparison with different mixer designs using a comparative mixing index is also performed. The ACET micromixer embedded with sidewall 3D electrodes can achieve a highly effective mixing performance and can generate high throughput in the continuous-flow condition.

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A theoretical and numerical investigation of travelling wave induction microfluidic pumping in a temperature gradient

Cited by 47 publications

References 59 publications

In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

Electrode Cooling Effect on Out-of-Phase Electrothermal Streaming in Rotating Electric Fields

Enhanced model‐based design of a high‐throughput three dimensional micromixer driven by alternating‐current electrothermal flow

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