A textbook on roads and pavements. By Frederick P. Spalding, Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1912, pp. xi + 408, illustrated, $2.00

The Stirling cycle and Carnot’s theorem

“…Note that Q ab still remains in the denominator; it cannot and has not been left out and simply ignored. The correct Stirling cycle efficiency of equation ( 5) can be found in published papers [5,12] and textbook homework problems [13][14][15] (even though not always specifically identified as a Stirling cycle). The equation (5) result is definitely less than the efficiency of a Carnot cycle operating between τ in and τ out simply because the additional heat input Q ab would not be present in the Carnot efficiency when expressed in terms of its Qs.…”