A text-stimuli presentation manager for the IBM PC with ipsatization correction for response sets and reaction times

Broughton, Ross; Wasel, Norman

doi:10.3758/bf03203186

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The data from each question underwent an intra-subject standardization by means of an ipsatization procedure in order to neutralize the effect in responses set [31,32]. Specifically, each rating was subtracted by the mean rating of the subject responses in all questions and conditions and then divided by the standard deviation of subject's responses in all questions and conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a significant effect was found, the Á 2 effect size and power were computed. Ipsatization transformed questionnaire ratings in Z-scores with a normal distribution allowing a proper use of parametric tests on questionnaire data [31,32]. Separated repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for each different question on ipsatized values and on SCL measures.…”

Section: Q3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Romano

Pfeiffer

Maravita

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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h i g h l i g h t s• We experimentally induced the full body illusion through a robotic device.• We collected SCRs and ratings following acute pain stimulation during bodily illusion.• Reduced arousal responses were detectable under illusory states of self-consciousness.• Reduced SCR was related to the degree of ownership experienced for the virtual body.• Virtual body must be in anatomical configuration to be effective. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c tLooking at one's own body has been shown to induce analgesia. In the present work we investigated whether illusory self-identification with an avatar, as induced experimentally through visuo-tactile stimulation, modulates the response to painful stimuli.In 30 healthy volunteers, a robotic device was used to stroke the participants' back, while they viewed either the body of an avatar, a non-body object (control object), or a body avatar with scrambled body parts (control body). All were visually stimulated in either congruent or incongruent fashion with the participant's body. We collected physiological responses (skin conductance response: SCR) to painful stimuli delivered to the participant's hand and responses to a questionnaire inquiring about self-identification with the avatar. We expected reduced physiological responses to pain during the observation of a body avatar only during synchronous visuo-tactile stroking and no reduction for the control object and the control body.Results showed a reduced SCR to painful stimuli when participants observed the normal body avatar being stroked synchronously that was also associated with largest self-identification ratings recordable already during the pain anticipation. Moreover, a negative correlation between self-identification and SCR was observed, suggesting that a greater degree of self-identification with the avatar was associated with larger decreases in SCR. These results suggest that during states of illusory self-identification with the avatar, the vision of an alien body (anatomically compatible for the vision and congruently stroked for the touch) is effective in modulating physiological responses to painful stimuli.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Q3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Romano

Pfeiffer

Maravita

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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show abstract

“…The data from each question underwent an intra-subject standardization by means of an ipsatization procedure in order to neutralize the effect in responses set (Broughton & Wasel, 1990;Cattell, 1944). Specifically, each rating was subtracted by the mean rating of the subject responses in all questions and conditions and then divided by the standard deviation of subject's responses in all questions and conditions.…”

Section: Subjective Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual processing is referenced to the experienced location of the self, not to the location of the physical body

et al. 2016

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We tested whether an experimentally induced change in the experienced location of the self by means of the Full Body Illusion (FBI) would impact high-level cognitive processing. In an implicit association task, participants saw a landscape where words, conveying spatial ("Near", "Far") or social ("Us", "Them") semantic distance appeared either in a proximal or distal position. Words' "semantic" distance was congruent or incongruent to the words' spatial position. Participants were asked to classify words' spatial position. Implicit association judgements were intermingled with sessions of visuo-tactile stimulation, during which participants were touched on their back, while viewing an avatar in the distal position being touched either synchronously or asynchronously. In a control experiment, participants performed the same task while observing a neutral object being touched, as a control. When subjects self-identified with the avatar presented at the distal position, the facilitation effect of the words' spatial-semantic congruency disappeared. The congruency effect did not disappear in case of asynchronous stimulation as well as in the control experiment with the object, where no change in self-identification was observed. These results demonstrate that conceptual processing is not referenced to the location of the physical body, but to the experienced location of the self.

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“…In order to account for response tendencies of participants, e.g., general (dis-)agreement to all questions or generally using extreme ends of the scale, that might have confounded the interpretation of questionnaire data, we transformed the data to ipsative scores (Broughton and Wasel 1990;Cattell 1944). Ipsative normalization was performed within-subjects and consisted of calculating across all questions the average score and the standard deviation of scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuospatial viewpoint manipulation during full-body illusion modulates subjective first-person perspective

2014

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viewpoint had no effect on self-identification, but depended on the viewed object and visuotactile synchrony. Selflocation depended on visuospatial viewpoint (first experiment) and visuotactile synchrony (second experiment). Our results show that the visuospatial viewpoint from which the virtual body is seen during FBIs modulates the subjective 1PP and that such viewpoint manipulations contribute to spatial aspects of BSC. We compare the present data with recent data revealing vestibular contributions to the subjective 1PP and discuss the multisensory nature of BSC and the subjective 1PP.

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A text-stimuli presentation manager for the IBM PC with ipsatization correction for response sets and reaction times

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Conceptual processing is referenced to the experienced location of the self, not to the location of the physical body

Visuospatial viewpoint manipulation during full-body illusion modulates subjective first-person perspective

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