A test of the indirect facilitation model in a temperate hardwood forest of the northern French Alps

Pagés, Jean-Philippe; Michalet, Richard

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00825.x

Cited by 56 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Secondly, since the PPFD was positively correlated with HL, the decrease of seedlings number with PPFD was interpreted by us as an effect of soil dryness. Alternatively, for some shade tolerant tree species, effect of indirect facilitation is observed, where seedlings are more abundant in shade due to competitive exclusion of herbs in better light condition (Pages andMichalet 2003, Filipiak et all 2005). However, in this study we did not observe any correlation between cover of forest floor vegetation and seedlings density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of land relief and soil properties on stand structure of overgrown oak forests of coppice origin with Sorbus torminalis

Szymura¹,

Szymura²,

Pietrzak³

2013

Dendrobiology

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Traditional forest management as coppicing and coppicing-with-standard are recently considered as beneficial for biodiversity in woodlands. Cessation of coppicing leads to changes in stand structure and often loss of biodiversity. In contemporary Polish forestry coppicing is not applied, however some stands of coppice origin persist in Silesia until present. The overgrown coppice oak forests that cover the southern slopes at the foothills of the Sudetes Mountains (Silesia, Central Europe) are considered to be Euro-Siberian steppic woods with a Quercus sp. habitat (91I0): a priority habitat in the European Union, according to the Natura 2000 system. They support one of the largest populations of wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis Crantz) in Poland. In this study we investigated the relation of stand structure and trees parameters with environmental variables. The results showed considerable variability of stand volume, tree density and stems' size correlated mostly with soil texture, but not nutrient content. We attributed it to soil dryness which seems to be the crucial factor controlling growth of trees. The natural regeneration of trees concentrated mostly on non-exposed sites on less acidic soils, but seedlings of wild service tree were present almost exclusively on most insolated sites, with shallow acidic soils. However, the regeneration of trees in sapling stage was restrained by browsing. Results suggest that maintaining of Sorbus torminalis requires protection against browsing, and some kind of active management is necessary to retain the observed stand structure with high proportion of wild service trees in stands on more fertile soils. Additional key words:Sorbus torminalis, regeneration niche, edaphic dryness, Euro-Siberian steppic woods with a Quercus sp, succession, historical forest management. Addresses:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of land relief and soil properties on stand structure of overgrown oak forests of coppice origin with Sorbus torminalis

Szymura¹,

Szymura²,

Pietrzak³

2013

Dendrobiology

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“…drier and warmer) than our high-productive study area. Page`s and Michalet (2003) found that the indirect positive effect of competition release for tree saplings by adult trees in a temperate hardwood forest was outweighed by the direct negative effect of light reduction. We suggest that microsites and resources (e.g.…”

Section: Coniferous and Deciduous Sapling Responses To Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the strength of facilitation by nurse shrubs depend on grazing resistance of tree saplings?

Vandenberghe

Smit

Pohl

et al. 2009

Basic and Applied Ecology

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Facilitation of tree regeneration by nurse shrubs that offer protection against large herbivores is an important driver of wood-pasture dynamics. Here we asked whether the response to facilitation by nurse shrubs depends on the grazing resistance of the prote´ge´saplings. We experimentally tested the protective effects of the thorny Rosa rubiginosa on browsing frequency, survival, and biomass change of saplings of two species-groups, presumably differing in grazing resistance: the coniferous Abies alba and Picea abies and the deciduous Acer pseudoplatanus and Fagus sylvatica saplings. The saplings were planted under and outside (1.5 m) planted nurse shrubs, under zero, low and high grazing intensity. In total, 1920 young saplings were transplanted to 60 blocks and followed for 1 year.Although the number of saplings browsed did not differ between species-groups, the coniferous saplings showed lower resistance to cattle browsing (i.e. lower survival and growth rates) than the deciduous saplings. The less resistant coniferous saplings benefited significantly more from nurse shrubs than the more resistant deciduous species in terms of growth of the surviving saplings, but not in terms of overall survival. This was likely due to herbivory on the nurse shrubs causing incidental browsing on prote´ge´saplings and differences in biomass off-take. At high grazing intensity facilitative effects of the nurse shrubs decreased, especially for the coniferous species.These results have important management implications for the endangered wood-pastures in Western Europe. For a sustainable management and conservation that allows tree recruitment, grazing intensity should remain low to best promote facilitation processes for all tree species, but in particular for the less resistant conifer saplings. die Fo¨rderung durch Ammengebu¨sch von der Beweidungsresistenz der geschu¨tzten Scho¨sslinge abha¨ngt. Wir untersuchten den schu¨tzenden Effekt der dornigen Rosa rubiginosa auf die Beweidungsfrequenz, die Ü berlebensrate und die Vera¨nderungen in der Biomasse fu¨r Scho¨sslinge aus zwei Artengruppen experimentell, von denen wir annehmen, dass sie sich in der Beweidungsresistenz unterscheiden: die Nadelba¨ume Abies alba und Picea abies und die Laubba¨ume Acer pseudoplatanus und Fagus sylvatica. Die Scho¨sslinge wurden unter die und außerhalb (1,5 m) der gepflanzten Ammengebu¨sche bei fehlender Beweidung, geringer und hoher Beweidungsintensita¨t gepflanzt. Insgesamt wurden 1920 junge Scho¨sslinge in 60 Blo¨cken verpflanzt und u¨ber ein Jahr beobachtet. Obwohl sich die Anzahl der beweideten Scho¨sslinge nicht zwischen den Artengruppen unterschied, zeigten die Nadelbaumscho¨sslinge eine geringere Resistenz gegenu¨ber der Rinderbeweidung (d. h. geringere Ü berlebens-und Wachstumsraten) als die Laubbaumscho¨sslinge. Die weniger resistenten Nadelbaumscho¨sslinge profitierten signifikant mehr von den Ammengebu¨schen als die resistenteren Laubbaumscho¨sslinge in Bezug auf das Wachstum der u¨berlebenden Scho¨sslinge, aber nicht in Bezug ...

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“…Therefore to secure regeneration the forest manager has to adjust light availability by thinning to a degree that allows tree seedling to become established and grow, though not at the maximum rate, but still impedes the growth of competitive species [23]. This is known as indirect facilitation: the direct negative impact of shade on tree seedlings is lower than the direct positive effect of reducing competitive species growth [18]. Although the harmful role of competitive species on tree seedlings is well known [17], the literature does not offer much information on the precise response of competitive species to light in terms of growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-dependent development of two competitive species (Rubus idaeus, Cytisus scoparius) colonizing gaps in temperate forest

Gaudio

Balandier²,

Marquier

2008

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Forest regeneration can be inhibited by competition for environmental resources (water, nutrients, light) between tree seedlings and some competitive species that are generally light-demanding species developing in gaps. The study's aim was to quantify the development of two competitive species (Rubus idaeus and Cytisus scoparius) present in the chaîne des Puys, France, relatively to light in gaps inside Picea abies stands. On 29 transects linking the stand to the gap centre (223 points), light intensity was measured (0-80% of relative light) and floristic measurements (cover and height of the different species) were done. Development of both competitive species is positively connected to light, with a bell-shaped curve with a maximum of 40-50% for R. idaeus and a quite constant increase to 80% (maximum of light recorded in the experimentation) for C. scoparius. These results are discussed relatively to understorey vegetation management in order to favour forest regeneration.regeneration / light / understorey vegetation / competition Résumé -Croissance de deux espèces compétitrices (Rubus idaeus, Cytisus scoparius) colonisatrices des trouées en forêt tempérée selon la disponibilité en lumière. En forêt, la compétition pour la captation des ressources (eau, nutriments, lumière) entre certaines plantes très colonisatrices et les jeunes arbres peut mettre en péril la régénération forestière. Ces espèces sont généralement héliophiles et se développent donc dans les trouées, environnements également favorables aux semis. Le but de l'étude était de quantifier le développement de deux espèces colonisatrices (Rubus idaeus et Cytisus scoparius) de la chaîne des Puys (France) en fonction de l'intensité lumineuse dans des trouées situées en forêt d'épicéas. Des mesures de lumière ont été réalisées sur 29 transects reliant l'intérieur du peuplement au centre d'une trouée (223 points au total, 0-80 % d'éclairement relatif) en parallèle à des mesures floristiques (taux de recouvrement et hauteur des différentes espèces). Les deux espèces répondent à la lumière, selon une courbe en cloche avec un maximum à 40-50 % pour R. idaeus et une augmentation quasi linéaire jusqu'à 80 % (maximum mesuré dans l'expérimentation) pour C. scoparius. Ces résultats sont discutés en terme de gestion de la végétation forestière pour favoriser la régénération. régénération / lumière / végétation de sous-bois / compétition

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A test of the indirect facilitation model in a temperate hardwood forest of the northern French Alps

Cited by 56 publications

References 70 publications

Influence of land relief and soil properties on stand structure of overgrown oak forests of coppice origin with Sorbus torminalis

Influence of land relief and soil properties on stand structure of overgrown oak forests of coppice origin with Sorbus torminalis

Does the strength of facilitation by nurse shrubs depend on grazing resistance of tree saplings?

Light-dependent development of two competitive species (Rubus idaeus, Cytisus scoparius) colonizing gaps in temperate forest

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