A ternary composite with manganese dioxide nanorods and graphene nanoribbons embedded in a polyaniline matrix for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract

A new ternary composite of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ), polyaniline (PANI) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) has been fabricated through a two-step polymerization process. With manganese dioxide nanorods and graphene nanoribbons embedded in the PANI matrix, the MnO 2 /GNRs/PANI ternary composites with 3-dimensional porous structures exhibited higher specific capacitance and better charge-discharge cycling performance than that of MnO 2 and MnO 2 /GNRs binary composites in supercapacitors. The specific capacitance of the MnO 2 /PANI/GNRs ternary composite can be achieved at 472 F g À1 . After 5000 cycles, the specific capacitance with 79.7% of the initial capacitance can be preserved. The enhanced specific capacitance and cycle life implies the structural stability of MnO 2 / GNRs/PANI ternary composites and the synergistic effect between MnO 2 , GNRs and PANI. a El: electrolyte type; R: current density; T: testing method. 33596 | RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 33591-33599 This journal is

Review on Current Progress of MnO2‐Based Ternary Nanocomposites for Supercapacitor Applications

“…For instance, incorporation of the third component, say, graphene or conducting polymer or CNTs component to MnO 2 (first component) and conducting polymer or graphene system or porous nanocarbons (second component) have markedly upgraded the overall capacitance and cyclic stability through modifications in the electrical conductivity, contact interactions, porosity, electrochemical surface activities besides improving the mechanical flexibility, etc. of the resultant ternary nanocomposite electrodes relative to the corresponding MnO 2 /conducting polymer or MnO 2 /graphene or MnO 2 /CNTs binary electrode systems respectively [161–212] …”

Facile Synthesis of Single‐ and Multi‐Layer Graphene/Mn3O4 Integrated 3D Urchin‐Shaped Hybrid Composite Electrodes by Core‐Shell Electrospinning

“…At the final step, PANI as conductive polymer was deposited on the surface of fibers by in‐situ chemical polymerization method. The presence of oxygen functional groups on the surface of both GNP and TEGO facilitates the polymerization of PANI and provide homogeneous coating since these functional groups are acting as anchor sites by attaching to the aniline monomer . After polymerization, the percentage of nitrogen on the surface of PANI@Mn 3 O 4 /TEGO−CF and PANI@Mn 3 O 4 /GNP−CF increased from 1.5 wt% up to 19 wt% and 18.5 wt%, respectively which supported the formation of PANI on the surface of composites.…”

“…Especially the design of ternary hybrid electrodes as novel hierarchical structures can effectively boost the electrochemical performance . For instance, Wu et al . fabricated a high performance supercapacitor based on ternary composite of manganese dioxide nanorods and graphene nanoribbons embedded in PANI matrix by two‐step in‐situ polymerization method and obtained a high specific capacitance of 472 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and a cyclic stability of 79.7% after 5000 cycles.…”

“…[7] Especially the design of ternary hybrid electrodes as novel hierarchical structures can effectively boost the electrochemical performance. [8][9][10] For instance, Wu et al [11] fabricated a high performance supercapacitor based on ternary composite of manganese dioxide nanorods and graphene nanoribbons embedded in PANI matrix by two-step in-situ polymerization method and obtained a high specific capacitance of 472 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and a cyclic stability of 79.7% after 5000 cycles. In another study, Huang and co-workers [12] investigated the electrochemical properties of reduced graphene oxide/manganese oxide/PANI composite electrodes by using potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) as manganese oxide source and also initiating agent for the polymerization of aniline followed by the hydrothermal method.…”

A Review of MnO2 Composites Incorporated with Conductive Materials for Energy Storage

“…(g) TEM image of MnO 2 @MWCNT@PANI composite [108] . (h) Schematic diagram of the fabricating MnO 2 @rGO@PANI [114] . (i) Schematic illustration of perpetrating different composite films including PANI@FTO, MnO 2 @PANI@FTO, and MnO 2 @PANI@GR@FTO [116] …”