A ten year review of plastics recycling

Howell, S.Garry

doi:10.1016/0304-3894(92)85066-a

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[11,12,13,14]. Alternatives developed for managing polymeric wastes are incineration, recycling and energy recovery system [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. However, incineration leads to unacceptable emission of harmful compounds, while recycling have high costs for the separation process and water contamination drawbacks [24], which reduce the process sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-biodegradable polymeric waste pyrolysis for energy recovery

Dwivedi

Mishra

Mondal

et al. 2019

Heliyon

108

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Nowadays, increasing population, widespread urbanization, rise in living standards together with versatile use of polymers have caused non-biodegradable polymeric wastes affecting the environment a chronic global problem, simultaneously, the existing high energy demand in our society is a matter of great concern. Hence forth, this review article provides an insight into the technological approach of pyrolysis emphasizing catalytic pyrolysis for conversion of polymeric wastes into energy products and presents an alternative waste management technique which is a leap towards developing sustainable environment. Pyrolysis of waste non-biodegradable polymer materials involves controlled thermal decomposition in the absence of oxygen, cracking their macromolecules into lower molecular weight ones, resulting into the formation of a wide range of products from hydrogen, hydrocarbons to coke. Nanocatalyzed pyrolysis is a recommended solution to the low thermal conductivity of polymers, promoting faster reactions in breaking the CC bonds at lower temperatures, denoting less energy consumption and enabling enhancement in the process selectivity, whereby higher value added products are generated with increased yield. Nanotechnology plays an indispensable role in academic research as well as in industrial applications. Existing reviews illustrate that one of the oldest application field of nanotechnology is in the arena of nanocatalysis. Nanocatalysis closes the gap between homo and heterogeneous catalyses while combines their advantageous characteristics and positive aspects, reducing the respective drawbacks. During the current nanohype, nanostructured catalysts are esteemed materials and their exploration provide promising solutions for challenges from the perspective of cost and factors influencing catalytic activity, due to their featured high surface area to volume ratio which render enhanced properties with respect to the bulk catalyst.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-biodegradable polymeric waste pyrolysis for energy recovery

Dwivedi

Mishra

Mondal

et al. 2019

Heliyon

108

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“…Packaging wastes are the major category [33,[52][53][54]. These are mainly thermoplastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride [28,33,[55][56].…”

Section: Polystyrene Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Plastic Pyrolysis in Free‐Fall Reactors

Bilgesü

Koçak

Karaduman

2006

Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics

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“…Although common plastics are recoverable and recyclable (e.g. PET, PP and HDPE), they need to be perfectly separated and sorted from plastic waste in order to get a high-quality final product with excellent mechanical properties, and therefore, being able to compete with plastic virgin materials in price and in mechanical properties [6][7][8].…”

Section: Example Of Residue Streams and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of film so usually all films end up mixed in a waste treatment plant. Other techniques such as sink floating [8,9] are interesting but present serious difficulties in separating plastics with similar densities, like polyolefins films (Polypropylene, PP; High density and Low density Polyethylene, HDPE and LDPE). Moreover these methods present environmental problems due to the wastewater treatment process needed.…”

Section: Example Of Residue Streams and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Valorization of Waste and Biomass

Nzihou

2010

Waste Biomass Valor

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Valorization is the conversion of waste and biomass to energy, fuels and other useful materials, with particular focus on environmental indicators and sustainability goals. It is part of the larger endeavor of loopclosing. This topic is the object of cooperation between a large number of actors from various fields of engineering sciences, health and safety. In this paper, the relevance and the interest in this topic is discussed and supported with examples. The two examples proposed concern biomass and plastic films. Biomass has gained a tremendous interest during the ten last years and will be a subject for significant research progress in the future. The evolution of research in the production of biofuels from first, second and third generation biomass is discussed using thermal process. The second example concerns plastic films; valorization of plastics has been investigated for two decades already with relevant progress. However, this paper shows that there are still a number of issues to tackle and overcome for an efficient and effective valorization of plastic films. To improve and reach a significant valorization, integrated processes for proper separation, detection and classification of plastic film from industrial and commercial packaging waste are discussed. The paper also highlights the bottlenecks, barriers and challenging issues such as the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases, energy efficiency, modeling, characterization, regulation and policy that will drive the development of this field in the future.

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A ten year review of plastics recycling

Cited by 35 publications

References 3 publications

Non-biodegradable polymeric waste pyrolysis for energy recovery

Non-biodegradable polymeric waste pyrolysis for energy recovery

Waste Plastic Pyrolysis in Free‐Fall Reactors

Toward the Valorization of Waste and Biomass

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