A ten-year retrospective study of the prevalence of parasitic infections of dogs at the University of Maiduguri Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Mbaya, AW; Aliyu, MM; Nwosu, C. O.; Ibrahim, UI; Shallanguwa, JM

doi:10.4314/nvj.v29i2.3589

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, the rainy season prevalence (50.02%) recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) was comparable to the overall prevalence recorded in the present study. The wide disparity between the prevalence rates recorded in the present study and the overall and dry season prevalence rates recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) is understandable, given that the present study was carried out in the humid zone of eastern Nigeria with ambient temperatures of 22 to 28 °C and average 7 months of rainfall per year. The study by Mbaya et al (2008) was done in the arid region of northern Nigeria with very high ambient temperatures (35–45 °C) and an average 3 months of rainfall per year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…According to the eight year retrospective study, the overall prevalence of GI helminth parasite infections in the dogs was 56.1%, which is higher but comparable to the prevalence rate of 49.8% reported by Onyenwe and Ikpegbu (2004) in a nine year (1985–1993) retrospective study, in the same study area. The prevalence recorded in the present study is much higher than the overall (16.13%) and dry season (3.14%) prevalence rates recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) in a ten-year retrospective study of dogs brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Maiduguri. However, the rainy season prevalence (50.02%) recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) was comparable to the overall prevalence recorded in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…The prevalence recorded in the present study is much higher than the overall (16.13%) and dry season (3.14%) prevalence rates recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) in a ten-year retrospective study of dogs brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Maiduguri. However, the rainy season prevalence (50.02%) recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) was comparable to the overall prevalence recorded in the present study. The wide disparity between the prevalence rates recorded in the present study and the overall and dry season prevalence rates recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) is understandable, given that the present study was carried out in the humid zone of eastern Nigeria with ambient temperatures of 22 to 28 °C and average 7 months of rainfall per year.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…The wide disparity between the prevalence rates recorded in the present study and the overall and dry season prevalence rates recorded by Mbaya et al (2008) is understandable, given that the present study was carried out in the humid zone of eastern Nigeria with ambient temperatures of 22 to 28 °C and average 7 months of rainfall per year. The study by Mbaya et al (2008) was done in the arid region of northern Nigeria with very high ambient temperatures (35–45 °C) and an average 3 months of rainfall per year. Climatic conditions in the humid zone are more favourable for the development and survival of the infective stages of some helminths in the environment, than in the arid region ( Chiejina, 1986 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

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Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections of dog in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria

Idika

Onuorah

Obi

et al. 2017

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections of dog in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria was studied retrospectively and prospectively. In the retrospective study, records of all diagnosed helminth infections of dogs brought to the University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Nsukka from January, 2006 to September 2013 were collated and analyzed. The prospective study was carried out between October 2013 and July 2014 by examination of 263 faecal samples collected per rectum from dogs presented to a purposively selected Veterinary Clinics in Enugu metropolis and the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The results of the 8 year retrospective prevalence study gave an overall prevalence of 56.1% and Ancylostoma species as the most prevalent helminth in the study area (33.2%). Mixed infections with more than one helminth parasite species were recorded in 8.6% of the cases. Annual breakdown of the prevalence data showed that the highest prevalence was recorded in 2009. Breed and age of the dogs were found to significantly influence the prevalence. In the prospective study, an overall prevalence of 51.7% was obtained. Ancylostoma spp. was also found most often in the study area, with a prevalence rate of 33.6%. Mixed infections with more than one helminth parasite species were found in 16.3% of the cases. A strong association was obtained between prevalence and breed of the dogs and also between prevalence and season. Due to the zoonotic nature of most of the encountered parasites and the close association between children and dogs, routine deworming, proper management of dogs and adequate personal hygiene is therefore recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections of dog in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria

Idika

Onuorah

Obi

et al. 2017

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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“…It is conceivable that a canine adapted species of Strongyloides exists and has yet to be thoroughly characterized; however, the distinct possibility exists that canine infections are primarily caused by S. stercoralis. 95,[101][102][103][104] Sequencing of internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2, as per Sultana et al, 105 may demonstrate a genetic and possible taxonomic basis for the classification of a canine-specific Strongyloides species, but at present, the volume of published material does not support this. This is a crucial area of research for several reasons.…”

Section: Is S Canis a Separate Species?mentioning

confidence: 56%

Human strongyloidiasis: identifying knowledge gaps, with emphasis on environmental control

Taylor

Garrard

O’Donahoo

et al. 2014

RRTM

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Strongyloides is a human parasitic nematode that is poorly understood outside a clinical context. This article identifies gaps within the literature, with particular emphasis on gaps that are hindering environmental control of Strongyloides. The prevalence and distribution of Strongyloides is unclear. An estimate of 100-370 million people infected worldwide has been proposed; however, inaccuracy of diagnosis, unreliability of prevalence mapping, and the fact that strongyloidiasis remains a neglected disease suggest that the higher figure of more than 300 million cases is likely to be a more accurate estimate. The complexity of Strongyloides life cycle means that laboratory cultures cannot be maintained outside of a host. This currently limits the range of laboratory-based research, which is vital to controlling Strongyloides through environmental alteration or treatment. Successful clinical treatment with antihelminthic drugs has meant that controlling Strongyloides through environmental control, rather than clinical intervention, has been largely overlooked. These control measures may encompass alteration of the soil environment through physical means, such as desiccation or removal of nutrients, or through chemical or biological agents. Repeated antihelminthic treatment of individuals with recurrent strongyloidiasis has not been observed to result in the selection of resistant strains; however, this has not been explicitly demonstrated, and relying on such assumptions in the longterm may prove to be shortsighted. It is ultimately naive to assume that continued administration of antihelminthics will be without any negative long-term effects. In Australia, strongyloidiasis primarily affects Indigenous communities, including communities from arid central Australia. This suggests that the range of Strongyloides extends beyond the reported tropical/subtropical boundary. Localized conditions that might result in this extended boundary include accumulation of moisture within housing because of malfunctioning health hardware inside and outside the house and the presence of dog fecal matter inside or outside housing areas.

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Review of Emerging and Re-Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens of Dogs in Nigeria: Missing Link in One Health Approach

et al. 2023

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Dogs live in close contact with humans as pets, for hunting, for security, and as a source of income. In addition, the meat is also consumed by some tribes in Nigeria. Dogs could therefore serve as reservoirs, carriers, and transmitters of zoonotic diseases. This review evaluates the literature from 2000 to 2020 for the prevalence and incidence of zoonotic pathogens associated with dogs in Nigeria. The results obtained show that overall, parasites constituted a majority (64%) of the zoonotic pathogens (or species) identified in dog hosts. A good number of studies have examined the role of ticks in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. Further, bacteria make up 22% of the zoonotic pathogens. From this study, it appears that rabies is the major pathogen in dogs for which there is reliable evidence linking contact between humans and dogs. Oyo State in southwestern Nigeria and Plateau State in north-central Nigeria were the most frequently studied states, while prevalence/disease surveillance studies constituted 80% of the overall papers assessed. Interdisciplinary collaborations as well as research and diagnosis policy amendments are missing links to fully appreciate the role of dogs in the transmission of zoonotic diseases in Nigeria. Policies should integrate a one health approach in the Nigerian health system, whereby diagnostic screening of humans and animals by physicians and veterinarians includes zoonotic pathogens for more accurate diagnosis and control.

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A ten-year retrospective study of the prevalence of parasitic infections of dogs at the University of Maiduguri Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections of dog in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections of dog in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria

Human strongyloidiasis: identifying knowledge gaps, with emphasis on environmental control

Review of Emerging and Re-Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens of Dogs in Nigeria: Missing Link in One Health Approach

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