A ten-year follow-up cohort study of childhood epilepsy: Changes in epilepsy diagnosis with age

Hanaoka, Yoshiyuki; Yoshinaga, Harumi; Kobayashi, Katsuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2016.10.011

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…A previous study on long-term outcome of patients with childhoodonset epilepsy reported that patients with daily or weekly seizures had decreased seizure frequency after follow-up for a decade [21]. This agerelated change was also found in the present study, which complicates the evaluation of the relationship between QAlb and seizure frequency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Chronic dysfunction of blood-brain barrier in patients with post-encephalitic/encephalopathic epilepsy

Kimizu

Takahashi

Oboshi

et al. 2018

Seizure

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Keywords:Post-encephalitic/encephalopathic epilepsy Refractory epilepsy Blood-brain barrier dysfunction Albumin quotient A B S T R A C TPurpose: This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics and effects of chronic blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in patients with post-encephalitic/encephalopathic epilepsy (PEE), using brain images and the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/serum albumin ratio (albumin quotient, QAlb) as a marker of BBB function. Methods: We examined the albumin levels in CSF and serum samples from 312 patients with refractory epilepsy in our center between 2004 and 2015. Sixty samples from patients with PEE and 97 samples from age-and sexmatched disease controls (DC) were evaluated. We classified PEE patients into a widespread lesion group and a focal lesion group by severity on brain magnetic resonance images in the chronic phase after acute encephalitis/ encephalopathy. Results: Median QAlb was higher in PEE than in DC [median (range) ×10 3 : PEE 3.6 (1.0-10.3) versus DC 2.7 (1.0-6.7), p = 0.007]. In a linear regression analysis of the relationship between QAlb and patient's age at CSF examination or duration of epilepsy, the slope of the regression line was greater in PEE than in DC. Furthermore, in patients under ten years of age, linear regression analysis of QAlb versus seizure frequency showed a weak but positive correlation. Among PEE patients, seizure frequency was higher in the widespread lesion group than in the focal lesion group [300 (4-3000) versus 30 (1-1500) seizures/month, p < 0.001]. Conclusion: Our study suggests that patients with PEE have more severe BBB dysfunction, and that the BBB dysfunction is associated with refractory epilepsy.In this retrospective study, we examined the albumin levels in CSF

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%