A temperature-induced transition in mitochondrial oxidation: Contrasts between cold and warm-blooded animals

Lyons, Joseph; Raison, John K.

doi:10.1016/0010-406x(70)90568-2

Cited by 189 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The onset of severe inhibition of translocation in the present study coincides with the point of marked inhibition of respiration of isolated mitochondria in chilling-sensitive plants (16). The membranes of chilling-sensitive plants (15) and of homeotherms (15) generally have a lower content of unsaturated lipids and consequently have a higher crystallization point for the membrane lipids. The marked break in the Arrhenius plots for certain processes in chilling-sensitive plants and homeotherms is thought to be the result of this temperature-induced phase change in the membrane lipids (15,16).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…When the temperature is lowered, the hydrocarbon chains crystallize, disrupting the physiological activity of the lipid. Lyons and Raison reported that this transition temperature is close to body temperature in hemeotherm animals (22 to 24 C) and is approximately 10 C in chillingsensitive plants (15). They noted no transition for chillingresistant species above 0 C as judged from Arrhenius plots.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The membranes of chilling-sensitive plants (15) and of homeotherms (15) generally have a lower content of unsaturated lipids and consequently have a higher crystallization point for the membrane lipids. The marked break in the Arrhenius plots for certain processes in chilling-sensitive plants and homeotherms is thought to be the result of this temperature-induced phase change in the membrane lipids (15,16). Luzzati and Husson (14) noted that under physiological conditions the lipoprotein complex is not far from a phase transition from a liquid-crystalline state to a gel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of Inhibition of Translocation by Localized Chilling

Giaquinta

Geiger²

1973

Plant Physiol.

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Arrhenius plots of translocation velocity as a function of petiole temperature show a marked increase in temperature dependence below 10 C in bean (a chilling-sensitive species) but not in sugar beet (chilling-resistant). The increased temperature dependence below 10 C was not observed for cytoplasmic streaming or oxygen uptake in bean. Bean petioles were severed to release pressure in order to determine whether sieve tubes are obstructed in cold-treated petioles. The resulting pressure release caused serious displacement of the crystalline protein bodies in the sieve tubes of petioles at 25 C, but in those locally cooled to 0 C for 30 minutes little displacement occurred, indicating obstruction in the latter. An ultrastructural study of sieve tubes in tissue frozen rapidly in situ and dehydrated by freeze substitution revealed that treatment at 0 C for 30 minutes caused structural alteration and displacement of the cytoplasmic material lining the sieve tube wail resulting in occlusion of sieve plates. The sieve plates of the control petioles at 25 C were generally clear of obstructions. The results indicate that inhibition of translocation by chilling in chilling-sensitive plants results from physical blockage of sieve plates rather than from direct inhibition of a metabolic process which drives translocation.Since the early work of Child and Bellamy (1) there has been considerable interest in the stoppage of translocation caused by chilling a short portion of the path. Aside from its agronomic importance, this phenomenon is of interest because it is cited to support the view that translocation is driven by energy supplied along the translocation path, for example, by electroosmosis, microperistalsis, or transcellular strand streaming. Recent work has shown that drastic inhibition does not occur above 0 C in chilling-resistant plants such as sugar beet and willow (6-8, 20, 21). Evidence from previous studies suggests that the cause of the inhibition may be physical obstruction due to chilling damage rather than direct inhibition of the force driving translocation (7,22).The experiments reported here were conducted to determine whether the severe inhibition of translocation noted in chilling-sensitive plants such as bean and squash is caused by physical damage to the conducting system. The effect of cooling a zone of the petiole on translocation was studied by measuring velocity and mass transfer of translocation in coordination with light and electron microscope observation of the treated tissue. The results show that in bean, a chillingsensitive species, the inhibition of translocation observed be-' This work was supported by Atomic Energy Commission Grant AT 11-1-2015 and National Science Foundation Grant GB-33803. low 10 C is produced by obstruction of sieve plates caused by chilling-induced cytoplasmic changes. There was no evidence of transcellular strands or other cytoplasmic structures traversing the sieve pores in actively translocating petioles. The slight temperature dependence observed in bea...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of Inhibition of Translocation by Localized Chilling

Giaquinta

Geiger²

1973

Plant Physiol.

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“…In addition to metabolic imbalances measurable changes in cell and organelle membrane lipid domains occur in a cell. These structural characteristics (transitions) result in a change in membrane fluidity from the liquid-crystalline state to the solid gel state [31][32][33][34] yielding a "leaky" membranous state. A cascade of damaging events may follow including: activation and leakage of lysosomal and lipoprotein hydrolases, 35,36 activation of calcium-dependent phospholipases 37,38 and the release of free fatty acids, 39 activation of the apoptotic cascade [40][41][42][43][44] and disruption of the cytoskeletal matrix.…”

Section: A Long Cold Journeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation

Baust¹,

2009

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“…A study of Mycoplasma laidlawii, for example, reports different morphological and growth properties of the cells according to whether the temperature of the culture is above, equal to, or below that of a thermotropic phase transition observed in both intact cells and aqueous dispersions of their extracted lipids (1). Abrupt changes in the temperature dependence of mitochondrial respiratory activity in several organisms (2) correlate with similar changes in the temperature-dependent dynamic state of a spin-labeled fatty acid moiety solubilized in the mitochondrial lipids (3). Finally, the calcium-dependent ATPase activity, in fragmented sarcoplasmic vesicles isolated from rabbit skeletal muscles, depends on empirical dynamic parameters believed to describe the fluidity of hydrocarbon regions of membrane lipids (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Spin-Label Studies of Dynamics of Lipid Alkyl Chains in Biological Membranes: Role of Unsaturated Sites

Eletr

Keith

1972

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Cultures of a yeast mutant, deficient in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, were supplemented with either stearolic acid or with any one of three octadecanoic acids having a cis double bond 6, 9, or 11 carbons away from the acyl group. The resulting cells, with lipid alkyl chains well defined with respect to the position and nature of unsaturated sites, were then studied with spin-labeled stearic acids having a N-oxyloxazolidine ring located at 4, 6, 9, or 12 carbons away from the acyl group, and added in vitro to the cellular preparations.Differences in the molecular motion of each spin label were observed, as a function of the unsaturated site, in the intact yeast cells. Characteristic order to disorder phase transitions are inferred from data of temperature dependence. The results also indicate that triple bonds and cis double bonds inhibit a relatively ordered packing of lipid alkyl chains in the region between unsaturated sites and terminal methyl groups, leaving the hydrophobic region bounded by acyl groups and unsaturated sites unaffected.The molecular organization and the physical mechanisms that govern protein-lipid interactions in biological membrane systems are still largely unknown. However, lipid fatty alkyl chain dynamics are apparently important in determining the biological activity of membrane-related functions. A study of Mycoplasma laidlawii, for example, reports different morphological and growth properties of the cells according to whether the temperature of the culture is above, equal to, or below that of a thermotropic phase transition observed in both intact cells and aqueous dispersions of their extracted lipids (1). Abrupt changes in the temperature dependence of mitochondrial respiratory activity in several organisms (2) correlate with similar changes in the temperature-dependent dynamic state of a spin-labeled fatty acid moiety solubilized in the mitochondrial lipids (3). Finally, the calcium-dependent ATPase activity, in fragmented sarcoplasmic vesicles isolated from rabbit skeletal muscles, depends on empirical dynamic parameters believed to describe the fluidity of hydrocarbon regions of membrane lipids (4). The connection between lipid dynamics and biological activity is possibly the reason why Abbreviations: GLC, gas-liquid chromatography; NS, nitroxide stearate; A"l, A9, and A6, cis-All-, cis-A9-, and cis-A6-octadecanoate, respectively; A9, stearolate.

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A temperature-induced transition in mitochondrial oxidation: Contrasts between cold and warm-blooded animals

Cited by 189 publications

References 12 publications

Mechanism of Inhibition of Translocation by Localized Chilling

Mechanism of Inhibition of Translocation by Localized Chilling

Cryopreservation

Spin-Label Studies of Dynamics of Lipid Alkyl Chains in Biological Membranes: Role of Unsaturated Sites

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