25We investigated the bacteriohopanepolyol (BHP) distribution in the Cobham Lignite 26 sequence (SE England) deposited across the Palaeocene-Eocene boundary including part 27 of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) as shown previously by a negative 28 carbon isotope excursion (CIE). A variety of BHPs were identified, including the commonly 29 occurring and non-source specific biohopanoid bacteriohopanetetrol (BHT) and 32, anhydroBHT which was the most abundant polyfunctionalised geohopanoid in the majority of 31 samples. BHPs with a terminal amine functionality, diagnostic biomarkers for methanotrophic 32 bacteria were identified throughout the sequence, with similar distributions in both the lower 33 laminated and upper blocky lignite except that 35-aminobacteriohopanepentol (aminopentol) 34 indicative of Type I methanotrophs (gammaproteobacteria) was generally more abundant in 35 the upper section within the CIE. 36
37The diagenetic fate of these compounds is currently poorly constrained, however, we also 38 identified the recently reported N-containing transformation product anhydroaminotriol and 39 several tentatively assigned novel N-containing structures potentially containing ketone 40 functionalities. Although present throughout the section, there is a sharp peak in the 41 occurrence of these novel compounds correlated with the onset of the CIE and highly 42 isotopically depleted hopanes in the upper part of the laminated lignite, both also correlate 43 well with peak abundance of aminopentol. The significant abundance of these compounds 44 suggests that 35-amino BHPs have their own specific diagenetic pathway, potentially 45 providing an alternative method allowing methanotroph activity to be traced in older samples 46 even if the original biohopanoid markers are no longer present. 47At this time we cannot preclude the possibility that some or all of these BHPs have been 48produced by more recent subsurface activity, post deposition of the lignite to date; however, 49 that would not be expected to generate the observed stratigraphic variability and we suggest 50 that unprecedented observations of a range of highly functionalised biohopanoids in 51 samples of this age could significantly extend the window of their known occurrence. 52