A Techno-Economic Assessment of Renewable Diesel and Gasoline Production from Aspen Hardwood

Patel, Madhumita; Oyedun, Adetoyese Olajire; Kumar, Amit; Gupta, Rajender

doi:10.1007/s12649-018-0359-x

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…To produce biofuels equivalent to fossil fuel, fast pyrolysis is widely used as it enhances the liquid yield with moderate temperature and pressure condition at low residence times in a fixed bed or fluidized bed reactor . The fluidized bed reactor is widely used for fast pyrolysis technology to produce liquid fuel . The advantages of this type of reactor are uniform temperature, low investment, good gas solid contact, ability to handle varieties of feedstock with wide particle size distribution, low maintenance, high heating rate etc …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the biomass conversion performance in a fluidized bed reactor using isoconversional model‐free method

et al. 2019

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The first objective of this study to analyze the detailed pyrolysis kinetics of four Canadian feedstocks through two techniques: thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) using the isoconversional model-free method; and fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor using the simple Arrhenius model. The four biomass feedstocks were pyrolyzed in a fluidized bed reactor at 400-520 8C. The experiments were conducted for three size fractions. The thermogravimetric analysis was performed at four heating rates (2, 5, 10, and 15 8C/min) in an inert atmosphere. TGA experiments showed that the decomposition rate of agricultural residues was significantly lower than woody biomass due to high volatiles and low ash content in the latter. The range of average activation energy from fluidized bed experiments was 150-168 kJ/mol and 160-180 kJ/mol from TGA experiments. The difference is attributed to different methodology in the experiments and the determination of kinetic parameters. The second objective was to apply the global kinetic parameters from the TGA to predict the decomposition of biomass to biochar and to compare it with the experimental biochar left in the fluidized bed reactor at different temperatures. This study also confirmed that at high temperatures for all the feedstocks, average kinetics parameters obtained from the TGA could produce fluidized bed biomass conversion results with an average variation of 4 %.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the biomass conversion performance in a fluidized bed reactor using isoconversional model‐free method

et al. 2019

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“…An ORP system at the commercial scale (2000 T day −1 ), based on 10‐acre ponds, was modeled and collocated with access to CO 2 at a landfill site producing electricity from landfill methane, using a combined heat and power (CHP) system, near Fort Saskatchewan. The commercial scale was chosen to match feedstock input requirements in downstream processing . Pond sizing was based on literature values presented by Davis et al The CHP generation was modeled around the regional landfill methane production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of cost models of algae production in a cold climate using different production systems

Pankratz

Oyedun

Kumar

2019

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Research into the potential use of microalgae to produce biofuels is receiving significant attention. In the cold climates of countries like Canada, algae cultivation in open raceway pond (ORP) systems is limited to a short period of the year when pond surface water temperatures and ambient light conditions enable optimal culture growth. In this study we develop techno-economic assessment models to predict, evaluate, and compare the techno-economic results from three autotrophic algae cultivation scenarios to produce algae biomass. The first is a modeled ORP site located in the southern USA, which has a minimum biomass selling price (MBSP) for algae of $541 tonne −1 (T −1 ). The second scenario models an identical ORP system co-located at a site near Fort Saskatchewan, a northern city in the province of Alberta, Canada. The resulting MBSP is $1288 T −1 . A third scenario models a photobioreactor (PBR) cultivation system co-located at the same northern Alberta site and shows algae production with an MBSP of $550 T −1 . Each system is scaled to produce 2000 T day −1 ash-free dry weight (AFDE) algae biomass. The study concludes that PBR systems deployed at this scale have the potential to reduce production costs significantly ($ T −1 ) compared to similarly sited ORP systems in Canada, despite climatic factors and high initial capital costs associated with PBR construction. Furthermore, the modeled PBR system required 0.3% of the water required by the ORP cultivation platforms (153 × 10 3 versus 59 527 × 10 3 m 3 ) and 0.04% of the land (32 versus. 82 038 ha).

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“…A price of 100 $ t −1 is considered as a revenue for biochar obtained from pyrolysis. [ 78 ] The biomass feedstock cost of 392 $ t −1 (dry) was obtained from a study by Davis et al [ 33 ] A price of 0.067 $ kWh −1 and 1.58 $ GJ −1 for electricity and natural gas is considered [ 11 ] and catalyst prices are obtained from a study by Zhu et al [ 79 ] The unit costs for nitrogen [ 80 ] and sand [ 67,81 ] are 0.41 $ kg −1 and 7.8 $ t −1 . The fixed costs are the labor and maintenance costs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fast pyrolysis of algal biomass allows the rapid transfer of heat at a considerably low residence time. The dried algal biomass from the feed pretreatment area is sent to a circulating fluidized pyrolysis reactor at 520 C. Sand acts as the bed material and nitrogen acts as the fluidization medium during the process run and the reaction time is <1 s. [67] Following pyrolysis, solid (biochar) particles are removed by cyclones entrained in effluents. The resulting pyrolytic bio-oil is recovered through the condensation of vapors.…”

Section: Fast Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uncertainties in the range of 80-125% were considered in the cost parameters based on modeling results and ranges reported in the literature. [11,67,72,74,109] The product value from the uncertainty analysis for both thermochemical pathways is shown in Figure 11. The simulations for HTL and pyrolysis for algal biomass result in product values of 1.60 AE 0.09 and 1.69 AE 0.11 $ L À1 , respectively, at 95% confidence.…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Technoeconomic Analysis of Algal Thermochemical Conversion Technologies for Diluent Production

2019

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Microalgae offer desirable attributes as a renewable feedstock. Herein, a technoeconomic assessment of using microalgae to produce chemicals (diluent) for bitumen transport is conducted. Two thermochemical technologies, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and fast pyrolysis, are analyzed for a plant of 2000 dry t day−1. A detailed process model is developed for the two thermochemical conversion technologies and used to perform a data‐intensive technoeconomic assessment to estimate diluent cost using biomass. The product values of diluents from HTL and pyrolysis are 1.60 ± 0.09 and 1.69 ± 0.11 $ L−1, respectively. The sensitivity analysis indicates that product yield has the highest impact on product value, followed by the biomass cost. The effect of using industrial carbon dioxide in a situation where the producer pays to the algae conversion plant to avoid paying a carbon levy is assessed. For HTL and fast pyrolysis, diluent cost falls to 1.06 and 1.16 $ L−1, respectively, when carbon tax increases to 40 $ t−1. Herein, insights into the technoeconomic feasibility of producing chemicals from algal‐based thermochemical technologies are offered.

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A Techno-Economic Assessment of Renewable Diesel and Gasoline Production from Aspen Hardwood

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Predicting the biomass conversion performance in a fluidized bed reactor using isoconversional model‐free method

Predicting the biomass conversion performance in a fluidized bed reactor using isoconversional model‐free method

Development of cost models of algae production in a cold climate using different production systems

A Comparative Technoeconomic Analysis of Algal Thermochemical Conversion Technologies for Diluent Production

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