A Technique for Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Rat

Lee, Sun; Charters, A C; Chandler, James G.; Orloff, Marshall J.

doi:10.1097/00007890-197312000-00019

Cited by 164 publications

(107 citation statements)

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“…Since its first description by Lee et al 8 and by Kamada and Calne, 9 the ORLT model has received wide acceptance as a practical model for the study of liver transplantation immunology and cold ischemia/reperfusion injury. In their initial description of the model, both groups already stressed the necessity of re-establishing hepatic circulation within 26 minutes, the maximum PVCT tolerated by rats using nonpreserved liver conditions (i.e., cold ischemia in physiological saline solution for approximately 1 hour at 4°C).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is currently hypothesized that Kupffer cell activation plays a causal role in cold ischemiareperfusion injury of the liver, precipitating sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) death, and leading to microcirculatory disturbances. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This hypothesis is based on experimental findings using mainly the orthotopic rat liver transplantation (ORLT) model, first described by Lee et al 8 and subsequently modified by Kamada and Calne. 9 However, recent experimental reports have shown that, after ORLT following extended cold ischemia, the mortality of animals could not be related to the severity of SEC dysfunction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…findings using mainly the orthotopic rat liver transplantation (ORLT) model, first described by Lee et al 8 and subsequently modified by Kamada and Calne. 9 However, recent experimental reports have shown that, after ORLT following extended cold ischemia, the mortality of animals could not be related to the severity of SEC dysfunction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decreased survival in rat liver transplantation with extended cold preservation: Role of portal vein clamping time

Urata¹,

Nguyen²,

Brault³

et al. 1998

Hepatology

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Primary liver graft dysfunction is currently related to cold ischemia-reperfusion injury, although a wide survival range has been reported using 24-hour preservation in cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. We hypothesized that the portal vein clamping time (PVCT) played a more important role than cold preservation injury in the postoperative outcome. Rat liver transplantation was performed using different clamping times after 24-hour cold ischemia in the UW solution. Survival rates, plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and nitrate/nitrite levels were examined. Subsequently, the effect of clamping time was evaluated on hepatocyte and sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) function using isolated perfused livers. Survival rate was directly related to clamping time length. Marked increases in TNF and nitrate/nitrite levels were found after surgery, particularly after long clamping times. In perfusion studies, the SEC function was already markedly altered after preservation alone and was not further modified by transplantation. By contrast, the hepatocyte function was moderately altered after transplantation, irrespective of clamping times, even when rats operated with long clamping times were in terminal conditions. In rats, 24-hour preservation in cold UW solution is not a severely compromising condition leading to primary liver nonfunction. Long PVCTs are associated with an endotoxemia-like syndrome more related to a warm intestinal ischemia than to cold ischemia injury of the liver. (HEPATOLOGY 1998;28:366-373.)The underlying mechanism of cold ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver culminating in primary liver nonfunction is still poorly understood. It is currently hypothesized that Kupffer cell activation plays a causal role in cold ischemiareperfusion injury of the liver, precipitating sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) death, and leading to microcirculatory disturbances. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This hypothesis is based on experimental findings using mainly the orthotopic rat liver transplantation (ORLT) model, first described by Lee et al. 8 and subsequently modified by Kamada and Calne. 9 However, recent experimental reports have shown that, after ORLT following extended cold ischemia, the mortality of animals could not be related to the severity of SEC dysfunction. 10 Moreover, Imamura et al. 11 and Reinders et al. 12 have reported that the presence or absence of Kupffer cells did not modify the effect of 24-hour cold ischemia/ reperfusion using the isolated perfused rat liver model and/or the ORLT model.Indeed, the ORLT model has been widely used for studying cold ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver, particularly the effects of various solutions and of different biochemical strategies aimed at protecting the transplanted liver. A large number of these studies used cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution as the preservation solution and 24 hours as the preservation time, conditions considered severely compromising for the grafted rat liver. However, under these preservation conditions, reported su...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased survival in rat liver transplantation with extended cold preservation: Role of portal vein clamping time

Urata¹,

Nguyen²,

Brault³

et al. 1998

Hepatology

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“…Survival in groups A and B differed significantly (Fishers test). 3. Serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and HA Serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly higher in group B than in group A (Table 1).…”

Section: Survivalmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rewarming Injury against the Graft Liver in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Hayashi

Shimizu

Murakami

et al. 1998

The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences

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“…Lee [4] had described the method of choledochoduodenostomy in rats for orthotopic liver transplantation. The thread ligating the distal end of the open bile duct was withdrawn along a needle track into the intestinal canal, and was held by fixing the stump of the hepatic artery ligated to the duodenum to minimize tension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Model with Choledochojejunostomy in Rats—Technique and Significance

Hashimoto¹,

Yamanaka²,

Imamoto³

2016

OALib

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A simple technique of choledochojejunostomy in rats is introduced in this paper and its suitability for use is as an experimental model. The healing characteristics of sutureless choledochojejunostomy rat (C-J rat) were investigated in a rat experimental model. The common bile duct of 10 conditioned Wistar rats was exposed, divided transversely and a choledochojejunostomy constructed with only a vinyl chloride tube positioned between the common bile duct and jejunum. The animals were sacrificed on 12 weeks after surgery. From the serum biochemical examination on 12 weeks after surgery, serum bilirubin, AST and ALT in C-J rat were similar to those of control. But Alp in C-J rat is significantly increased compared to control due to stent tube. Therefore, there is no problem about the bile flow via choledochojejunostomy in C-J rat. The results of the present study indicate clearly that the sutureless anastomosis in a rat model is reliable and leads to long-term anastomotic patency at 12 weeks after surgery. Sutureless choledochojejunostomy may have an application in the reconstruction of narrow and fragile bile duct. Our technique will be suitable for the cases of narrow and fragile bile duct which standard biliary enteric anastomosis is impossible.

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A Technique for Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Rat

Cited by 164 publications

References 0 publications

Decreased survival in rat liver transplantation with extended cold preservation: Role of portal vein clamping time

Decreased survival in rat liver transplantation with extended cold preservation: Role of portal vein clamping time

Rewarming Injury against the Graft Liver in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Experimental Model with Choledochojejunostomy in Rats—Technique and Significance

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