A Technique for Locating Rare Cells in the Circulation for Ultramicroscopy

Gaynor, Evelyn; Bouvier, C A; Cintron, Javier

doi:10.3181/00379727-133-34510

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although the cells are poorly preserved, they clearly are not normal circulating blood elements. The cytolysis and vacuolization seen is presumed to be due to the trauma of mechanical injury or to the effect of endotoxin, as well as to artifacts induced by preparation (7).…”

Section: Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis Of the Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For light microscopy, small portions of the "leukoconcentrate" (that is, the elements remaining after saponization) were smeared on glass slides and stained with Wright's solution and then by Giemsa stain. Endothelial cells were selected for electron microscopic examination as described (7). Leukoconcentrates were suspended in a few drops of buffer and were immediately fixed in a large volume of phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis of the Generalized Shwartzman Reaction

Gaynor

Bouvier

Spaet

1970

Science

143

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Evidence of vascular injury was found in rabbits after a single small dose of endotoxin from Escherichia coli. Eighty percent of the treated animals developed circulating endothelial cells, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and 50 percent had aortic endothelial lesions as determined by electron microscopy. Prior anticoagulation with heparin did not prevent this response. No control animals showed these abnormalities.

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Section: Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis Of the Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis of the Generalized Shwartzman Reaction

Gaynor

Bouvier

Spaet

1970

Science

143

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“…The endothelium in its tissue surrounding is difficult to analyze but circulating endothelial cells (CECs) may now offer a possibility to assess the integrity and function of the endothelium in order to confirm a diagnosis, predict the course of disease, or support treatment decisions. CECs have been microscopically described already decades ago and their identity was confirmed by specific staining with endothelium‐specific antibodies . The origin of CECs, their detection methods, and the association with cardiovascular diseases have been reviewed .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating endothelial cells as biomarker for cardiovascular diseases

Farinacci

Krahn

Dinh

et al. 2019

Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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BackgroundEndothelial dysfunction is involved in several cardiovascular diseases. Elevated levels of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and low levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been described in different cardiovascular conditions, suggesting their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction. Compared to typical peripheral blood leukocyte subsets, CECs and EPCs occur at very low frequency. The reliable identification and characterization of CECs and EPCs is a prerequisite for their clinical use, however, a validated method to this purpose is still missing but a key for rare cell events.ObjectivesTo establish a validated flow cytometric procedure in order to quantify CECs and EPCs in human whole blood.MethodsIn the establishment phase, the assay sensitivity, robustness, and the sample storage conditions were optimized as prerequisite for clinical use. In a second phase, CECs and EPCs were analyzed in heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced (HFrEF) ejection fraction, in arterial hypertension (aHT), and in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in comparison to age‐matched healthy controls.ResultsThe quantification procedure for CECs and EPCs showed high sensitivity and reproducibility. CEC values resulted significantly increased in patients with DN and HFpEF in comparison to healthy controls. CEC quantification showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 90% and a sensitivity of 68.0%, 70.4%, and 66.7% for DN, HFpEF, and aHT, respectively.ConclusionA robust and precise assay to quantify CECs and EPCs in pre‐clinical and clinical studies has been established. CEC counts resulted to be a good diagnostic biomarker for DN and HFpEF.

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“…They were first described more than 30 years ago by Bouvier and Hladovec by light microscopy [1][2][3][4]. Between 1970 and 1980 CEC were identified in various conditions, such as smoking, acute myocardial infarction and hypertension [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Endothelial Cells: Markers and Mediators of Vascular Damage

Erdbruegger¹,

Dhaygude²,

Haubitz³

et al. 2010

CSCR

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About 30 years ago circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were first observed in peripheral blood. Since then CEC have been established as a reliable indicator of vascular injury and damage and more sophisticated detection techniques, such as immunomagnetic isolation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), have become available. However even today there remains controversy as to the best approach to isolate and enumerate these cells. Here, we review the isolation and enumeration of CEC with an emphasis on CD146-driven immunomagnetic isolation and FACS as the two competing techniques. We describe advantages and pitfalls of both approaches. Moreover, we provide a list of clinical studies in this field and describe the possible clinical utility of CEC as a surrogate marker for vascular damage and dysfunction. In addition, we review the phenotype of CEC and discuss mechanisms of detachment. Recent evidence has also revealed interesting interactions between CEC and healthy endothelium in vitro although the relevance of these findings for human vascular disease in vivo remains unclear. Finally, we highlight differences between circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells. In summary, CEC must be regarded as a sensitive and specific marker of endothelial damage as well as a potential mediator in vascular disease.

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A Technique for Locating Rare Cells in the Circulation for Ultramicroscopy

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis of the Generalized Shwartzman Reaction

Vascular Lesions: Possible Pathogenetic Basis of the Generalized Shwartzman Reaction

Circulating endothelial cells as biomarker for cardiovascular diseases

Circulating Endothelial Cells: Markers and Mediators of Vascular Damage

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