A technique for evaluating bone ingrowth into 3D printed, porous Ti6Al4V implants accurately using X-ray micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry

Palmquist, Anders; Shah, Furqan A.; Emanuelsson, Lena; Omar, Omar; Suska, Felicia

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2016.11.009

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The resulting roughness of parts produced in an additive way is always the result of a combination of input parameters-in particular, the particle size of the powder used, melting conditions (laser power and speed, laser scanning strategy, layer height), or orientation of the produced part relative to the building platform [6,32,33]. The roughness affects implant-bone interaction, the friction coefficient, osseointegration process [3,34] (especially in porous structures [4][5][6][7]), and the fatigue life of the product [11]. Liu [1] notes that the roughness is affected by several factors: (1) the staircase effect related to the subsequently deposited layers; (2) the attachment of the partly melted particles to the surface, and (3) the presence of pores and other imperfections close to surface.…”

Section: Roughness Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Position of Materials on a Build Platform on the Hardness, Roughness, and Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al4V Produced by DMLS Technology

Guzanová

Draganovská

Ižaríková

et al. 2019

Metals

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This article is focused on the effect of position on a build platform on the hardness, roughness and corrosion rate of parts (Ti6Al4V) produced by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technology. During the sintering process, the test samples were located at key positions—at the corners and in the middle of the build platform. An experimental program started with a microstructure investigation in two perpendicular directions in individual positions. The selected mechanical property—hardness—was investigated on metallographic cuts in both directions and all positions, and data sets underwent a statistical analysis (analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-test, F-test). The same procedure was repeated for an assessment of position effect to surface roughness (Kruskal–Wallis test) and material corrosion resistance. On the build platform, the course of hardness, roughness, and corrosion rate values that can be expected in individual positions was mapped in detail.

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Section: Roughness Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1]. The selected properties of the products can largely be altered by a controlled porosity from almost compact material to scaffold structures [2][3][4][5][6]. In addition, it is possible to design the appropriate shape of the individual scaffold cells as well as their orientation with respect to the stresses of the product [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Position of Materials on a Build Platform on the Hardness, Roughness, and Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al4V Produced by DMLS Technology

Guzanová

Draganovská

Ižaríková

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…The only possible answer for these boundary conditions is additive manufacturing technology. The powder of Ti6Al4V alloy is most commonly processed by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Direct Metal Laser Sintering (Dmls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Build Orientation, Heat Treatment, and Laser Power on the Hardness of Ti6Al4V Manufactured Using the DMLS Process

Guzanová

Ižaríková

Brezinová

et al. 2017

Metals

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This contribution is focused on the influence of build orientation on hardness of materials sintered using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technology. It builds on the current research works that has monitored the influence of build orientation on a fatigue life, mechanical properties, roughness after machining, etc. In the mentioned work, a slight influence of build orientation on the above properties was shown. The hardness was measured on a Ti6Al4V alloy which was made of powder by DMLS technology. The individual materials were sintered at different laser powers, then annealed to remove internal stresses. Part of the experiment examined the metallographic analysis of materials in the direction perpendicular to the sintered layers and parallel with the sintered layers. Microhardness was measured on metallographic cross-sections and the results were statistically processed. The influence of laser power on a respective material hardness was assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a comparison of the hardness between sintered and sintered-annealed samples, as well as the comparison of hardness in the two considered directions was performed by t-test and F-test. A statistically significant difference in the hardness of the materials prepared at different laser powers was found. The influence of heat treatment, as well as the direction of material building also showed a statistically significant difference.

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“…Recent clinical studies of 3D-printed cups have shown good outcomes [12][13][14][15]; however, no laboratory studies have previously characterized the whole components. On the contrary, several studies have investigated the biocompatibility and suitability of 3D-printing to produce porous structure for orthopaedic applications, but these were limited to cylindrical or cubic specimens [7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of dimensional, morphological and morphometric features of retrieved 3D-printed acetabular cups for hip arthroplasty

et al. 2020

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Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing of porous titanium implants is increasing in orthopaedics, promising enhanced bony fixation whilst maintaining design similarities with conventionally manufactured components. Our study is one of the first to non-destructively characterize 3D-printed implants, using conventionally manufactured components as a reference. Methods: We analysed 16 acetabular cups retrieved from patients, divided into two groups: '3D-printed' (n = 6) and 'conventional' (n = 10). Coordinate-measuring machine (CMM), electron microscopy (SEM) and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) were used to investigate the roundness of the internal cup surface, the morphology of the backside surface and the morphometric features of the porous structures of the cups, respectively. The amount of bony attachment was also evaluated. Results: CMM analysis showed a median roundness of 19.45 and 14.52 μm for 3D-printed and conventional cups, respectively (p = 0.1114). SEM images revealed partially molten particles on the struts of 3D-printed implants; these are a by-product of the manufacturing technique, unlike the beads shown by conventional cups. As expected, porosity, pore size, strut thickness and thickness of the porous structure were significantly higher for 3D-printed components (p = 0.0002), with median values of 72.3%, 915 μm, 498 μm and 1.287 mm (p = 0.0002). The median values of bony attachment were 84.9% and 69.3% for 3D-printed and conventional cups, respectively (p = 0.2635). Conclusion: 3D-printed implants are designed to be significantly more porous than some conventional components, as shown in this study, whilst still exhibiting the same shape and size. We found differences in the surface morphologies of the groups, related to the different manufacturing methods; a key finding was the presence of partially molten particles on the 3D-printed cups.

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A technique for evaluating bone ingrowth into 3D printed, porous Ti6Al4V implants accurately using X-ray micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

The Effect of Position of Materials on a Build Platform on the Hardness, Roughness, and Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al4V Produced by DMLS Technology

The Effect of Position of Materials on a Build Platform on the Hardness, Roughness, and Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al4V Produced by DMLS Technology

Influence of Build Orientation, Heat Treatment, and Laser Power on the Hardness of Ti6Al4V Manufactured Using the DMLS Process

Characterization of dimensional, morphological and morphometric features of retrieved 3D-printed acetabular cups for hip arthroplasty

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