A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to organic solvents and other compounds and the risk of childhood leukemia in California

Metayer, Catherine; Scélo, Ghislaine; Kang, Alice Y.; Gunier, Robert B.; Reinier, Kyndaron; Lea, C. Suzanne; Chang, Jeffrey S.; Selvin, Steve; Kirsch, Janice; Crouse, Vonda; Does, Monique; Quinlan, Patricia; Hammond, S. Katharine

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.047

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Nineteen job modules were developed for the CCLS to obtain the detailed occupational information necessary to provide semi-quantitative estimates of parental occupational exposure including the timing (i.e., the year before pregnancy to the child’s third year of life or to diagnosis/reference date, whichever came first), frequency, duration and intensity of exposure (Reinier et al 2004; Metayer et al 2016). Four of the nineteen job modules were developed for occupations with potential pesticide exposure in our study population: farm or ranch worker; gardener, landscaper, nursery worker or groundskeeper; agricultural packer; and pesticide applicator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase fathers’ participation, phone interviews were proposed when in-person interviews were not feasible. No surrogate interviews were conducted (see detailed methods in Metayer et al 2016). Of the 1690 participants included in this study from 2000 to 2008, 277 were assigned and completed pesticide related job modules based on their detailed job history.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also ran models with paternal prenatal smoking and paternal occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents included as potential confounders based on previous analyses in this study (Metayer et al 2013; Metayer et al 2016). We evaluated the relationship for paternal and maternal occupational pesticide exposure during the year before child’s birth and from birth to the child’s third birthday.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to pesticides and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Gunier

Kang

Hammond

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Objectives Associations between parental occupational pesticide exposure and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) vary across studies, likely due to different exposure assessment methodologies. Methods We assessed parental occupational pesticide exposure from the year before pregnancy to the child’s third year of life for 669 children diagnosed with ALL and 1,021controls. We conducted expert rating using task-based job modules (JM) to estimate exposure to pesticides among farmer workers, gardeners, agricultural packers, and pesticide applicators. We compared this method to (1) partial JM using job titles and a brief description, but without completing the task-based questionnaire, and (2) job exposure matrix (JEM) linking job titles to the International Standard Classifications of Occupation Codes. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for ALL cancer risk and pesticide exposure adjusting for child’s sex, age, race/ethnicity and household income. Results Compared to complete JMs, partial JMs and JEM led to 3.1 % and 9.4 % of parents with pesticide exposure misclassified, respectively. Misclassification was similar in cases and controls. Using complete JMs, we observed an increased risk of ALL for paternal occupational exposure to any pesticides (OR=1.7; 95% CI = 1.2, 2.5), with higher risks reported for pesticides to treat nut crops (OR=4.5; 95% CI = 0.9, 23.0), and for children diagnosed before five years of age (OR=2.3; 95% CI: 1.3, 4.1). Exposure misclassification from JEM attenuated these associations by about 57%. Maternal occupational pesticide exposure before and after birth was not associated with ALL. Conclusions The risk of ALL was elevated in young children with paternal occupational pesticide exposure during the perinatal period, using more detailed occupational information for exposure classification.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to pesticides and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Gunier

Kang

Hammond

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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“…A review of studies up to 1997 supports increased risks associated with benzene-related occupational exposures such as exposure to paints, solvents or exhaust fumes both for childhood leukaemia and CNS tumours (Colt and Blair 1998). For childhood leukaemia, The majority of more recent studies have also reported increased risks associated with benzene-related occupational exposures, either for paternal (Feychting et al 2001;Metayer et al 2016;Miligi et al 2013;Reid et al 2011) or maternal exposure (Infante-Rivard et al 2005;McKinney et al 2008;Miligi et al 2013;Reid et al 2011;Schuz et al 2000;Shu et al 1999). However, two large recent studies (Bailey et al 2014;Keegan et al 2012), including a study of 5 the Childhood Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC) focusing on parental occupational exposure to paint (Bailey et al 2014), found no evidence of an association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of childhood cancer: A census-based cohort study

Spycher

Lupatsch

Huss

et al. 2017

Environment International

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Background: Previous studies on occupational exposures in parents and cancer risks in their children support a link between solvents and paints with childhood leukaemia. Few studies have focused specifically on benzene.Objectives: To examine whether parental occupational exposure to benzene is associated with an increased cancer risk in a census-based cohort of children.Methods: From a census-based cohort study in Switzerland, we included children aged <16 years at national censuses (1990, 2000). We retrieved parental occupations reported at census and assessed exposure to benzene using a job exposure matrix. We identified incident cancer cases through record linkage with the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry. We fitted Cox proportional-hazards models to assess associations between exposures and the following outcomes: any cancer, leukaemia, acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CNS tumours, and glioma. We adjusted models for a range of socio-economic, perinatal and environmental factors.Results: Analyses of maternal (paternal) exposure were based on 9.0 (13.2) million person years at risk and included 1004 (1520) diagnoses of cancer, of which 285 (438) had leukaemia, 186 (281) lymphoma, 227 (339) a CNS tumour. Maternal exposure was associated with an increased risk of childhood leukaemia (hazard ratio 1.73, 95% CI 1.12-2.67) and ALL (1.88, 1.16-3.04). We found little evidence of an association for other outcomes or for paternal exposure. Adjusting for potential confounders did not materially affect the results.Conclusions: This nationwide cohort study suggests an increased risk of leukaemia among children whose mothers were exposed to benzene at work. Highlights: A job exposure matrix was used to assess occupational benzene exposure in parents  A higher risk of leukaemia was observed in offspring of exposed mothers  In utero exposure is a plausible explanation for this finding

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“…91 Occupational histories were obtained via interview using 19 task-based job modules from parents of children with ALL ( N =670), children with AML ( N =104), and healthy control children ( N =1021). Logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios adjusted for socio-demographic factors.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factors For Childhood Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Leukemia and Primary Prevention

Whitehead

Metayer

Wiemels

et al. 2016

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care

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107

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Leukemia is the most common pediatric cancer, affecting 3,800 children per year in the United States. Its annual incidence has increased over the last decades, especially among Latinos. Although most children diagnosed with leukemia are now cured, many suffer long-term complications, and primary prevention efforts are urgently needed. The early onset of leukemia – usually before age five – and the presence at birth of “pre-leukemic” genetic signatures indicate that pre- and postnatal events are critical to the development of the disease. In contrast to most pediatric cancers, there is a growing body of literature – in the United States and internationally – that has implicated several environmental, infectious, and dietary risk factors in the etiology of childhood leukemia, mainly for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common subtype. For example, exposures to pesticides, tobacco smoke, solvents, and traffic emissions have consistently demonstrated positive associations with the risk of developing childhood leukemia. In contrast, intake of vitamins and folate supplementation during the pre-conception period or pregnancy, breastfeeding, and exposure to routine childhood infections have been shown to reduce the risk of childhood leukemia. Some children may be especially vulnerable to these risk factors, as demonstrated by a disproportionate burden of childhood leukemia in the Latino population of California. The evidence supporting the associations between childhood leukemia and its risk factors – including pooled analyses from around the world and systematic reviews – is strong; however, the dissemination of this knowledge to clinicians has been limited. To protect children’s health, it is prudent to initiate programs designed to alter exposure to well-established leukemia risk factors rather than to suspend judgement until no uncertainty remains. Primary prevention programs for childhood leukemia would also result in the significant co-benefits of reductions in other adverse health outcomes that are common in children, such as detriments to neurocognitive development.

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A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to organic solvents and other compounds and the risk of childhood leukemia in California

Cited by 26 publications

References 51 publications

A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to pesticides and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

A task-based assessment of parental occupational exposure to pesticides and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Parental occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of childhood cancer: A census-based cohort study

Childhood Leukemia and Primary Prevention

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