A tailored electrolyte for safe and durable potassium ion batteries

Fan, Ling; Xie, Huabin; Hu, Yanyao; Caixiang, Zhuoma; Rao, Apparao M.; Zhou, Jiang; Lu, Bingan

doi:10.1039/d2ee03294e

Cited by 130 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…To evaluate the role of structure engineering on electrochemical performances, the potassium storage properties of various samples including Bi 2 S 3 @N-C, (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 @N-C, and Sb 2 S 3 @N-C were investigated in half cells using K metal as counter electrode and 3 M potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)-imide (KFSI) in dimethyl ether (DME) as electrolyte. It is well-known that a concentrated KFSI-based electrolyte is able to generate a relatively stable SEI film to reduce side reactions, abate the polarization, and suppress the growth of potassium dendrites, for a better battery performance of an alkali-metal anode and Coulombic efficiency criteria. − Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves are obtained within the voltage range of 0.01–2.5 V and the scan rate of 0.1 mV s –1 to explore the potassiation/depotassiation behaviors of hollow (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 @N-C anode, as shown in Figure a. Two sharp peaks are observed at around 1.27 and 1.02 V only in the first cathodic scan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

et al. 2023

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Metal sulfide anodes have aroused much attention in potassium ion batteries (PIBs) owing to their high theoretical capacities, but the sluggish kinetics and inferior cycling performance caused by severe volumetric change and particle pulverization greatly hinder their further development. Herein, robust hollow structure design together with phase structure engineering endow (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 @N-C anode with superior (de)potassiation kinetics and excellent electrochemical performances in PIBs. Specifically, in situ X-ray diffraction combined with density functional theory calculations and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses indicated a fresh reaction mechanism of (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 anode with a distinctive multistep (de)potassiation route along (003) plane of (Bi,Sb) alloy thanks to the Bi-Sb phase regulation in (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 anode, ensuring it with superior reaction kinetics. Moreover, in situ TEM characterization revealed the advantages of the hollow nanostructure with carbon shell, facilitating fast ion transport kinetics and high tolerance of volume change as well as enabling the structural integrity of electrode material during (de)potassiation. As a result, the (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 hollow nanocube with N-doped carbon shell ((Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 @N-C) delivers a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 66.3%, a great rate performance of 289 mAh g −1 at 2.0 A g −1 , and an ultralong cycling life (89% retention after 220 cycles at 0.1 A g −1 and 85% retention after 1600 cycles at 2.0 A g −1 ) in PIBs. Furthermore, the full cell of (Bi-Sb) 2 S 3 @N-C//PTCDA affords a high reversible capacity of 281 mA h g −1 at 1.0 A g −1 after 300 cycles. This work combines structural design and in situ techniques, proving a successful nanostructure engineering strategy to rationalize alloy-type electrode materials for PIBs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

et al. 2023

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“…5b and S23†). 62,63 The discharge capacity of MoSe 2+ x -rGO‖NG could be maintained at 81.9% of the initial capacity (188.7 mA h g −1 ) after 50 cycles. An appreciable energy density of 246 W h kg −1 was achieved and it was sufficient for its application in potassium-ion battery cathode materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bond modulation of MoSe_2+xdriving combined intercalation and conversion reactions for high-performance K cathodes

Lei

et al. 2023

Chem. Sci.

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“…However, further development of LIBs is hampered by the limited lithium resource (just about 0.0017% in Earth’s crust) and the high processing cost of raw materials. The next rival candidates for LIBs are sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) − and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), − which have the advantages of abundant resources (2.36% for Na and 2.09% for K) and a similar electrochemistry to LIBs. Therefore, SIBs and PIBs are considered as low-cost energy storage applications; however, the larger Shannon’s ionic radii of Na + (1.02 Å) and K + (1.36 Å) than that of Li + (0.76 Å) results in sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics and structural damage during the electrochemical process, which give rise to serious challenges and inspires us to seek alternative electrode materials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi₂S₃ Nanorods Deposited on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Potassium-Ion Batteries

Nithya¹,

Modigunta

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Hierarchical nanocomposites with surface active bonding features serve as an efficient electrode material for highperformance Li-/Na-/K-ion batteries. Tuning the physiochemical properties of these hierarchical nanocomposites has a great impact on the extremely improved electrochemical performance, and it is attributed to the synergistic effect of heterogeneous components. Herein, we report a hydrothermally synthesized bismuth sulfide (Bi 2 S 3 ) nanorod bonding on the surface of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) matrix and investigate it as an anode material for potassium-ion batteries. This hierarchical nanocomposite anode exhibits a high initial reversible capacity (586 mA h g −1 at 100 mA g −1 ), long-term cycling stability (410 mA h g −1 after 1000 cycles, 70% capacity retention), and an outstanding rate capability (140 mA h g −1 at 3 A g −1 ). This excellent electrochemical performance of the Bi 2 S 3 /rGO nanocomposite is attributed to the presence of active sites in rGO nanosheets that not only enhances the electrical conductivity of Bi 2 S 3 nanorods but also prevents the shuttle effect of polysulfide through the formation of the in-built C−S bond, which is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Through the ex-situ X-ray diffraction patterns analysis at different voltage regions, a phase transformation mechanism has been proposed for K-ion storage in Bi 2 S 3 nanorods. An ex-situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the structural and morphological stability of Bi 2 S 3 nanorods. Further, the kinetic studies confirmed that the surface dominated pseudocapacitive K-ion storage also plays a major role in improving the electrochemical performance of the Bi 2 S 3 nanorods/rGO nanocomposite. The K-ion full cell is successfully assembled, which exhibits stable cycling performance after 100 cycles at 1 C rate.

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A tailored electrolyte for safe and durable potassium ion batteries

Abstract: Electrolytes are critical for the safety and long-term cyclability of potassium ion batteries. Here, a low-concentration, non-flammable, and weakly solvating electrolyte enables the cycling stability of K||graphite cell for over 2 years.

Cited by 130 publications

References 55 publications

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

Bond modulation of MoSe_2+xdriving combined intercalation and conversion reactions for high-performance K cathodes

Bi₂S₃ Nanorods Deposited on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Potassium-Ion Batteries

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A tailored electrolyte for safe and durable potassium ion batteries

Abstract: Electrolytes are critical for the safety and long-term cyclability of potassium ion batteries. Here, a low-concentration, non-flammable, and weakly solvating electrolyte enables the cycling stability of K||graphite cell for over 2 years.

Cited by 130 publications

References 55 publications

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)2S3@N-C Nanocube

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)2S3@N-C Nanocube

Bond modulation of MoSe2+xdriving combined intercalation and conversion reactions for high-performance K cathodes

Bi2S3 Nanorods Deposited on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Potassium-Ion Batteries

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Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

Understanding the Highly Reversible Potassium Storage of Hollow Ternary (Bi-Sb)₂S₃@N-C Nanocube

Bond modulation of MoSe_2+xdriving combined intercalation and conversion reactions for high-performance K cathodes

Bi₂S₃ Nanorods Deposited on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Potassium-Ion Batteries