“…This directly leads to the goal of minimising the strategy's performance metrics related to "sojourn time" (including EV's travel time, waiting time for charging, and charging time), which is different from the well-known Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) (Dantzig & Ramser, 1959;Pillac, Gendreau, Guéret, & Medaglia, 2013) and Dynamic Traveling Repairman Problem (DTRP) (Bertsimas & Ryzin, 1990, 1993 that involve design of vehicledelivery routes from a depot to a set of scattered demand locations, so as to minimise the overall routing cost (e.g., travel time/distance) under various side constraints (Baldacci, Toth, & Vigo, 2007;Ferrucci, Block, & Gendreau, 2013;Jaillet & Wagner, 2008;Kergosien, Lenté, Piton, & Billaut, 2011;Laporte, 2007Laporte, , 2009Li, Mirchandani, & Borenstein, 2009;Pavone, Frazzoli, & Bullo, 2007;Pillac et al, 2013;Solomon, 1987). We assume that service demands are placed by the EV drivers according to a general process, and the distribution of the locations of where EVs originate is arbitrary, although its support is determined by a compact Euclidean service region.…”