A systems thinking approach to explore the structure of urban walking and health promotion in Seoul

Kim, Dong Ha; 정창권,; Hyun, Lee Ji; Kim, Kwang Kee; Jung, Jinyoung; Yoo, Seunghyun

doi:10.14367/kjhep.2018.35.5.1

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In particular, safety and accessibility were important attributes of the pedestrian-friendly environment [32,34,41,43,49]. Korean metropolitan cities are in the process of transitioning from car-oriented cities to pedestrian-friendly cities, and mixed urban spaces shared by vehicles and pedestrians still remain because of space efficiency [59]. Traffic congestion due to mixed urban spaces was a major risk factor, especially for pedestrian accidents involving children and the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does the Built Environment in Compact Metropolitan Cities Affect Health? A Systematic Review of Korean Studies

Kim

Yoo

2019

IJERPH

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This systematic review aimed to examine the associations between health-related outcomes and the built environment (BE) characteristics of compact metropolitan cities in Korea using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Searching the three Korean academic databases and PubMed, two independent reviewers identified 27 empirical articles published between 2011 and 2016. Data extracted for review included the study characteristics, the variables and measurement methods related to the BE and health-related outcomes, and the findings on the associations between the BE characteristics and health-related outcomes. Vote counting was used to assess the consistency of associations and the direction of associations between the BE characteristics and health-related outcomes. All of the reviewed studies used cross-sectional designs. The objective BE qualities were commonly examined. The BE characteristics associated with health-related outcomes in the reviewed articles included land use, street environment, transportation infrastructure, green and open spaces, and neighborhood facilities. Street environment, transportation infrastructure, and green and open spaces had consistent positive associations with physical health. Mixed land use and neighborhood facilities, however, had inconsistent associations with physical health. Generally, insufficient findings were reported in the association between the BE characteristics and mental and social health. The accessibility of the BE in a compact urban environment was the prominent attribute related to health promotion, health challenges, and health equity. An international comparative analysis of compact cities with different urban contexts and scale is required. Interdisciplinary urban health strategies are recommended based on the associations between the BE characteristics and health-related outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does the Built Environment in Compact Metropolitan Cities Affect Health? A Systematic Review of Korean Studies

Kim

Yoo

2019

IJERPH

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“…Walking practices in Seoul decreased between before and during the pandemic, particularly in utilitarian walking. Before the COVID-19, the SMG had emphasized utilitarian walking by inducing residents to go out for various purposes in dense urban environments ( Kim et al, 2018 ; Lee, Kim, & Yoo, 2020 ). However, as the COVID-19 response has emerged as a top priority, Seoul is rapidly integrating non-contact technology and online services into urban systems, including the retail, education, finance, and administration sectors, to enable daily life without going out ( Korea Internet and Security Agency, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in urban walking before and during COVID-19 in a metropolitan city of South Korea

Kim

Yoo

2021

JHEAL

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This study aimed to assess how the social distancing measures impacted the choice of walking as a transportation mode, environmental preferences for walking, and walking practice among urban residents in Seoul, the capital city of South Korea. Data were collected through an online survey from September 21 to September 28, 2020, when the second level of social distancing measures was implemented; 2,112 participants aged 19 or older were included in the analysis. During COVID-19, the choice of walking as a means of transportation increased by 10.1%p, while the choice of public transportation decreased by 16.9%p. Environmental preferences for walking were more than moderate in neighborhood public open spaces, neighborhood streets, and riverside trails. Walking practice by purposes decreased significantly during COVID-19, especially in utilitarian walking. The study suggests that social distancing measures have a visible negative effect on walking practice among urban residents, as well as an invisible effect on perceived environment and choice of transportation mode in the metropolitan city. To break the physical inactivity habits established during COVID-19, guidelines for promoting walking should be developed, focusing on the frequency of walking practice. In the post-COVID-19 era, urban and transportation planning in metropolitan cities need to be reviewed focusing on the development of neighborhood assets related to walking and activation of active transportation.

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“…Lawrence et al [100] called for some sort of collaborative systems thinking to address contemporary urban health challenges across conventional disciplines, including human ecology. Kim et al [101] use causal loops to explore urban walking and health promotion in Seoul, South Korea; the same approach is used by Tan et al [102] to evaluate urban health policy proposals in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; by Siri and Tan [103] for a macroscopic approach to urban health and well-being in the Asia-Pacific region; and by Pineo et al [104], who developed loop diagrams from semistructured interviews with urban health indicator producers and users in San Francisco, California and Melbourne and Sydney, Australia, for the improvement of local urban planning policies. Thinking in terms of ecological systems is at the basis of a new proposal for moving towards a multispecies sustainability as a key driver to imagine and plan healthy cities [105].…”

Section: Systems Thinking Urban Health and Healthy Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whose Health in Whose City? A Systems Thinking Approach to Support and Evaluate Plans, Policies, and Strategies for Lasting Urban Health

Cristiano

Zilio

2021

Sustainability

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An increasing interest has been present in scientific literature and policy making for the links between urban environments and health, as also learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between urban planning and public health is therefore critical for enhancing the capabilities of a city to promote the well-being of its people. However, what leverage potential for urban health can be found in existing plans, policies, and strategies that address urban health? Starting from the relationship between urban systems and health issues, the purpose of this contribution is to broaden the systemic knowledge of urban systems and health so as to try to figure out the impact potential of local urban governance on public health. Considering the systemic nature of health issues, as defined by the World Health Organisation, this is done through a systems thinking epistemological approach. Urban health proposals are studied and assessed in four European cities (Copenhagen, London, Berlin, and Vienna). Current criticalities are found, starting from the guiding goal of such proposals, yet a systemic approach is suggested aimed at supporting and evaluating lasting and healthy urban planning and management strategies.

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A systems thinking approach to explore the structure of urban walking and health promotion in Seoul

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

How Does the Built Environment in Compact Metropolitan Cities Affect Health? A Systematic Review of Korean Studies

How Does the Built Environment in Compact Metropolitan Cities Affect Health? A Systematic Review of Korean Studies

Changes in urban walking before and during COVID-19 in a metropolitan city of South Korea

Whose Health in Whose City? A Systems Thinking Approach to Support and Evaluate Plans, Policies, and Strategies for Lasting Urban Health

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