A systems approach framework for coastal management and its application in practice

To what extent is integration pursued in compulsory planning tools concerning coastal and marine areas? Evidences from two Mediterranean protected areas

“…by making use of new tools envisioned by the European Union, such as the Integrated Territorial Investment (Garcia-Ayllon, 2018), though participatory mechanisms. Similar collaborative approaches are advocated, among others, byGillgren et al (2019), and on such basis a revised Systems Approach Framework has been implemented, to develop scenarios that are meant to help decision makers translate into practice the concepts of integrated coastal zone management(Inácio and Umgiesser, 2019;Støttrup et al, 2019). Such approaches are faced with what Billè (2008) has termed "the four entrenched illusions"…”