A systematic study of the impact of additives on structural and mechanical properties of Magnetorheological fluids

Gopinath, B.; Sathishkumar, G.; Karthik, P.; Charles, M. Martin; Ashok, K.G.; Ibrahim, Mohamed; Akheel, M. Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.246

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Several solutions have been proposed to improve the dispersion stability of the MRF, such as the addition of micron-scale graphene oxide, submicron/nano-particles to form a double-dispersed phase 12 – 15 , the coating of shell structures on the particle surfaces 16 , and use of a high-viscosity fluid as a continuous phase 17 , of which the surface coating of CIP is considered to be a highly effective method to reduce the sedimentation rate of the MRF 16 , 18 – 20 . When cholesteryl chloroformate was coated on the surface of CIP, the density of the coated particles decreased, and the sedimentation rate of the MRFs were 65% prepared by pure CIP and 45% by coated particles after 30 h 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Chen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The dispersion stability of carbonyl iron particle (CIP)-based magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is improved by CIP, which particle is etched with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form porous structure with many hydroxyl groups and subsequently coated with silane coupling agents that have varying chain lengths. The microstructures, coating effect and magnetism of the CIPs were examined using the Scanning Electron Microscopy, Automatic Surface and Porosity Analyzer (BET), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. Furthermore, the rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRFs were assessed using a Rotating Rheometer and Turbiscan-lab. The results revealed that the nanoporous structure appeared on the CIPs and the specific surface area increased remarkably after being etched by hydrochloric acid. Additionally, as the chain length of the silane coupling agent increases, the coated mass on the particles increases, the the density and the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and the coated particles with different shell thicknesses were obtained; without a magnetic field, the viscosity of MRF prepared by coated particles increase slightly, due to the enhancement of special three-dimensional network structure; under a magnetic field, the viscosity of the MRF decreased distinctly; the sedimentation rate of MRF decreased from 58 to 3.5% after 100 days of sedimentation, and the migration distances of the MRFs were 22.4, 3.7, 2.4, and 0 mm, with particle sedimentation rates of 0.149, 0.019, 0.017, and 0 mm/h, respectively. The MRF with high dispersion stability was obtained, and the etching of CIP by HCl and the proper chain length of the coating of silane coupling agent were proved effective manners to improve the dispersion stability of MRF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Chen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Effective mechanical braking systems, haptic gadgets, mechanical dampers, and other mechanical devices all depend on magnetorheological fluids, commonly referred to as smart fluids [1]. Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is a class of intelligent materials that may modify their rheological behavior in response to the application of an external magnetic field and has been widely used in numerous complex systems across numerous technical disciplines [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Prediction of Magnetorheological Damper Behaviour

2024

IRJMETS

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Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are controllable fluid-based devices that use the rheological properties of magnetorheological fluids to achieve variable damping forces. The application of MR dampers in various engineering fields such as automotive, civil, and aerospace engineering has led to a significant interest in their study to optimize their performance and expand their applications. MR fluid properties at low velocities and frequencies have been explored for industrial applications. The study involves the investigation of the Magneto-Rheological (MR) damper behavior under different frequencies ranging from 1Hz to 3Hz with equal interval of 0.5Hz and varying current subjected to 0A, 0.25A, 0.5A and 0.75A respectively The force-displacement characteristics of an MR damper were observed during the testing to understand their performance characteristics. The study further includes the prediction of rheological characteristics of the MR damper by the development of mathematical models in accordance with experimental data to describe their behavior.

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“…[4][5][6][7][8] The commercialization of MRF and related equipment has advanced signi cantly, but the sedimentation issue of MRF introduced by the density mismatch between the magnetic particles and carrier medium has severely impeded further advancements in the MRF performance and related equipment. [9][10][11] Several solutions have been proposed to improve the dispersion stability of the MRF, such as the addition of rod-like magnetic particles and fumed silica as dispersing phases, [12][13][14][15] the coating of shell structures on the particle surfaces, 16 and use of a high-viscosity uid as a continuous phase, 17 of which the surface coating of CIP is considered to be a highly effective method to reduce the sedimentation rate of the MRF. 16,[18][19][20] When cholesteryl chloroformate was coated on the surface of CIP, the density of the coated particles decreased, and the sedimentation rate of the MRFs were 65% prepared by pure CIP and 45% by coated particles after 30 h. 21 The CIP was coated with polystyrene foam for reducing the density of the particle, and the sedimentation rate of the MRFs were 80% prepared by pure CIP and 30% by coated particles after 24 h. 19 ZnO/CIP core-shell particles were obtained by coating zinc oxide on the CIP surface, which reduced the density of CIP, and the sedimentation rate of the MRFs were 70% prepared by pure CIP and 45% by coated particles after 30 h. 22 The graphene oxide (GO) were coated on the CIP, and the sedimentation rate of the MRFs were 22% prepared by pure CIP and 4% by coated particles after 60 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Chen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The dispersion stability of a carbonyl iron particle (CIP)-based magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is improved by CIP, which particle is etched with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form a porous structure with many hydroxyl groups and subsequently coated with silane coupling agents that have varying chain lengths. The morphological characteristics and coated thickness of the particles are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are employed to analyze the coating effect of the silane coupling agents on the particles. The influence of the coating on particle density and saturation magnetization is evaluated using a densitometer and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRF are assessed utilizing a rotating rheometer and Turbiscan-Lab. The results revealed that after CIPs were etched with HCl, numerous nanopores on their surface. Additionally, as the chain length of the silane coupling agent increases, the coated mass increases, and the coating effect was confirmed chemically, and meanwhile, the density and the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and the coated particles with different shell thicknesses were obtained. With the chain length increase of silane coupling agent, without a magnetic field, the viscosity of MRF prepared by coated particles increase slightly, due to the enhancement of special three-dimensional network structure; under a magnetic field, the viscosity of the MRF decreased distinctly, due to that the coating of non-magnetospheric increased the distance and decreased the interaction force between the particles. With the chain length increase of silane coupling agent, the sedimentation rate of MRF decreased from 58–3.5% after 100 days of sedimentation, and the migration distances of the MRFs were 22.4 mm, 3.7 mm, 2.4 mm, and 0 mm, with particle sedimentation rates of 0.149, 0.019, 0.017, and 0 mm/h, respectively. The MRF with high dispersion stability was obtained, and the etching of CIP by HCl and the proper chain length of the coating of silane coupling agent were proved effective manners to improve the dispersion stability of MRF.

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A systematic study of the impact of additives on structural and mechanical properties of Magnetorheological fluids

Cited by 17 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Prediction of Magnetorheological Damper Behaviour

Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid

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