A systematic screen of conserved <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> effectors reveals the role of RipAB, a nuclear‐localized effector that suppresses immune responses in potato

Zheng, Xueao; Li, Xiaojing; Wang, Bingsen; Cheng, Dong; Li, Yanping; Li, Wenhao; Huang, Mengshu; Tan, Xiaodan; Zhao, Guang‐Rong; Song, Botao; Macho, Alberto P.; Chen, Huilan; Xie, Conghua

doi:10.1111/mpp.12774

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…RipBH contribute significantly to virulence in potato (Zheng et al, 2019), and RipAC acts similarly in tomato (Yu et al, 2020). (Arlat et al, 1994).…”

Section: Contribution To Virulence Through (As Of Yet) Unknown Mechmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…TA B L E 1 (Continued) (former PopB) down-regulates the calcium signalling pathway and inhibits the plant basal defences (Zheng et al, 2019). Finally, RipN contains a Nudix hydrolase domain required to alter the NADH/ NAD + ratio in planta and to inhibit the plant defence responses (Sun et al, 2019).…”

Section: Ta B L E 1 List Of Functionally Characterized Ralstonia Solamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…independent (Morel et al, 2018) manner, respectively. RipAB triggers an HR in N. benthamiana but only when localized in the nucleus (Zheng et al, 2019). RipB induces chlorosis in different Nicotiana spp.…”

Section: Effectors Triggering Plant Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The large, diverse, and robust arsenal of Ralstonia solanacearum type III effectors and their in planta functions

Landry

González‐Fuente

Deslandes

et al. 2020

Molecular Plant Pathology

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The type III secretion system with its delivered type III effectors (T3Es) is one of the main virulence determinants of Ralstonia solanacearum, a worldwide devastating plant pathogenic bacterium affecting many crop species. The pan‐effectome of the R. solanacearum species complex has been exhaustively identified and is composed of more than 100 different T3Es. Among the reported strains, their content ranges from 45 to 76 T3Es. This considerably large and varied effectome could be considered one of the factors contributing to the wide host range of R. solanacearum. In order to understand how R. solanacearum uses its T3Es to subvert the host cellular processes, many functional studies have been conducted over the last three decades. It has been shown that R. solanacearum effectors, as those from other plant pathogens, can suppress plant defence mechanisms, modulate the host metabolism, or avoid bacterial recognition through a wide variety of molecular mechanisms. R. solanacearum T3Es can also be perceived by the plant and trigger immune responses. To date, the molecular mechanisms employed by R. solanacearum T3Es to modulate these host processes have been described for a growing number of T3Es, although they remain unknown for the majority of them. In this microreview, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the characterized R. solanacearum species complex T3Es.

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“…RipBH contribute significantly to virulence in potato (Zheng et al, 2019), and RipAC acts similarly in tomato (Yu et al, 2020). (Arlat et al, 1994).…”

Section: Contribution To Virulence Through (As Of Yet) Unknown Mechmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Ta B L E 1 List Of Functionally Characterized Ralstonia Solamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The large, diverse, and robust arsenal of Ralstonia solanacearum type III effectors and their in planta functions

Landry

González‐Fuente

Deslandes

et al. 2020

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…Transform A. thaliana plants using the floral dipping method [30]. Alternatively, suspend the precipitate into infiltrating media (10 mM MES pH 5.6, 10 mM MgCl 2 and 0.2 mM Acetosyringone) to generate the inoculum to infiltrated N. benthamiana leaves for transient expression [31].…”

Section: Plant Transformation or Nicotiana Benthamiana Transient Exprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol: low cost fast and efficient generation of molecular tools for small RNA analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Small RNAs are sequence-dependent negative regulators of gene expression involved in many relevant plant processes such as development, genome stability, or stress response. Functional characterization of sRNAs in plants typically relies on the modification of the steady state levels of these molecules. State-of-the-art strategies to reduce plant sRNA levels include molecular tools such as Target Mimics (MIMs or TMs), Short Tandem Target Mimic (STTMs), or molecular SPONGES (SPs). Construction of these tools routinely involve many different molecular biology techniques, steps, and reagents rendering such processes expensive, time consuming, and difficult to implement, particularly high-throughput approaches. Results: We have developed a vector and a cloning strategy that significantly reduces the number of steps required for the generation of MIMs against any given small RNA (sRNA). Our pGREEN-based binary expression vector (pGREEN-DLM100) contains the IPS1 gene from A. thaliana bisected by a ccdB cassette that is itself flanked by restriction sites for a type IIS endonuclease. Using a single digestion plus a sticky-end ligation step, the ccdB cassette that functions as a negative (counter) selection system is replaced by a pair of 28 nt self-annealing primers that provide specificity against the selected target miRNA/siRNA. The method considerably reduces the number of steps and the time required to generate the construct, minimizes the errors derived from long-range PCRs, bypasses bottlenecks derived from subcloning steps, and eliminates the need for any additional cloning technics and reagents, overall saving time and reagents. Conclusions: Our streamlined system guarantees a low cost, fast and efficient cloning process that it can be easily implemented into high-throughput strategies, since the same digested plasmid can be used for any given sRNA. We believe this method represents a significant technical improvement on state-of-the-art methods to facilitate the characterization of functional aspects of sRNA biology.

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“…There are two major pathogenicity determinants exist in R. solanacearum, the type III secretion system (T3SS) and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS). T3SS injects the "effector proteins" into the plant cell cytosol to favour infection [8,9], and EPS is largely responsible for the vascular dysfunction that causes wilt symptoms in susceptible hosts and promotes rapid systemic colonization as well [10]. Besides, R. solanacearum produces plenty of other factors that are potentially involved in the infection, including type II secreted plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, motility or attachment appendages, aerotaxis transducers, cellulases and pectinases [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Avirulent Ralstonia Solanacearum Strain Undergoes Phenotype Conversion from a Pathogenic Strain Under Natural Environment

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2020

BIO

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An avirulent R. solanacearum strain named FJAT-1458 was isolated from living tomato vessel and it showed no toxicity to tomato, pepper and eggplant. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on eight genes (egl, hrpB, mutS, pehA, recA, rpoA, rpoB and rpoC) and whole genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis suggested that strain FJAT-1458 belong to phylotype I. Genome sequence of the strain FJAT-1458 revealed a circular chromosome and a circular megaplasmid with whole genome size of 6,059,899 bp and GC content of 66.78%. Functional annotation of FJAT-1458 showed a total of 5,442 genes, with 5,166 protein-encoding genes, 202 pseudogenes and 74 noncoding RNA genes. Among which, 3,938 protein-coding genes can be assigned to 23 COG families, and 1,521 of them had KEGG orthologs. Prophage prediction using PHASTER revealed 12 prophages, including 7 intact, 1 questionable and 4 incomplete prophages. Comparative genome analyses between GMI1000 and FJAT-1458 showed that most of the virulence factors were well conserved and only small portion of them were distinct between them. Two genes, including a methyltransferase and an ISL3 family transposase genes, were identified to be inserted immediately upstream (141 bp) of phcA gene, which assumed to be responsible for avirulence of strain FJAT-1458. It is suggested that strain FJAT-1458 was originated from a wild-type pathogenic strain through an accident phenotype conversion, which is like those when cultured under experimental conditions. Our study provides new insight into the evolution of virulence in R. solanacearum strain under natural environment.

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A systematic screen of conserved Ralstonia solanacearum effectors reveals the role of RipAB, a nuclear‐localized effector that suppresses immune responses in potato

Cited by 43 publications

References 82 publications

The large, diverse, and robust arsenal of Ralstonia solanacearum type III effectors and their in planta functions

The large, diverse, and robust arsenal of Ralstonia solanacearum type III effectors and their in planta functions

Protocol: low cost fast and efficient generation of molecular tools for small RNA analysis

An Avirulent Ralstonia Solanacearum Strain Undergoes Phenotype Conversion from a Pathogenic Strain Under Natural Environment

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