A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

Murillo, Anarina L.; Kaiser, Kathryn A.; Smith, Daniel L.; Peterson, Courtney M.; Affuso, Olivia; Tiwari, Hemant K.; Allison, David B.

doi:10.1002/oby.22511

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(407 reference statements)

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“…In this section, we examine the effects of fat removal on metabolism and body weight control. In rodent models of SAT or VAT removal, there is a tendency for weight regain, which may lead to loss of any metabolic effects [ 60 ]. The lipectomy reports we identified did not report on changes in liver size, fatty liver, or other markers of ectopic lipid distribution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of lipectomy and of adipose tissue transplantation

Davis

Hocking

Watt

et al. 2022

Obesity

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Objective: The goal of this study was to review the metabolic effects of fat transplantation.Methods: Fat (adipose tissue [AT]) transplantation has been performed extensively for many years in the cosmetic reconstruction industry. However, not all fats are equal. White, brown, and beige AT differ in energy storage and use. Brown and beige AT consume glucose and lipids for thermogenesis and, theoretically, may provide greater metabolic benefit in transplantation. Here, the authors review the metabolic effects of AT transplantation.Results: Removal of subcutaneous human AT does not have beneficial metabolic effects. Most studies find no benefit from visceral AT transplantation and some studies report harmful effects. In contrast, transplantation of inguinal or subcutaneous AT in mice has positive effects. Brown AT transplant studies have variable results depending on the model but most show benefit. Conclusions:Many technical improvements have optimized fat grafting and transplantation in cosmetic surgery. Transplantation of subcutaneous AT has the potential for significant metabolic benefits, although there are few studies in humans or using human AT. Brown AT transplantation is beneficial but not readily feasible in humans thus ex vivo "beiging" may be a useful strategy. AT transplantation may provide clinical benefits in metabolic disorders, especially in the setting of lipodystrophy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of lipectomy and of adipose tissue transplantation

Davis

Hocking

Watt

et al. 2022

Obesity

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“…There is some debate as to whether lipectomy itself is ineffective, or whether there is an underlying problem of energy imbalance that has not been corrected. Despite the variable results obtained after lipectomy, most experimental studies demonstrated body fat compensation and weight recovery, suggesting that biological feedback mechanisms act to resist long-term changes in body weight/fat [ 46 ]. This is because the body aims to maintain an energy balance that requires a complex integration of energy stores, energy expenditure, and energy intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure of subcutaneous lipectomy to combat metabolic dysregulations in ovariectomy-induced obesity in young female rats

et al. 2022

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Purpose The deleterious effect of visceral adipose tissue accumulation is well known. However, the recent trend in liposuction is mal-directed toward easily accessible subcutaneous fat for the purpose of body shaping. The aim of the present study is to probe the metabolic effects of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipectomy in ovariectomized obese rats as well as the role of adipokines in these changes. Methods The study was conducted on young female rats randomized into two main groups according to the duration of the experiment, namely, 5-week and 10-week. Both groups were subdivided as follows: sham-operated, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized lipectomized rat groups. The rats underwent measurement of body weight (BW) and determination of body mass index (BMI). Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, liver function, plasma malondialdehyde, leptin, and adiponectin were estimated, and the content of both blood and hepatic tissue of reduced glutathione was assessed. In addition, histological study of the liver, aorta, and perirenal fat of all rat groups was performed. Results Ovariectomy-induced obesity is marked by a significant increase in BW and BMI. Following subcutaneous lipectomy, the rats exhibited significant weight gain accompanied by fasting hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, deterioration of synthetic function of the liver, and disturbed oxidant/antioxidant status. Histological examination revealed fatty infiltration of aortic and hepatic tissues. Conclusion Despite the immediate positive effect of subcutaneous lipectomy for weight loss and/or body shaping, multiple delayed hazards follow the procedure, which should be carefully considered.

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“…However, it should be noted that rodent models of fat biology do not adequately represent what happens in humans, and higher mammals such as baboons may be a better model that closely resembles human adipocyte function [87]. Thus far, results from studies designed to identify the factors that address the regulation of energetics and body fat redistribution/ regeneration post-SSFR in rats, mice or hamsters have limited contribution in closing the knowledge gap because of insufficient mechanistic data, inadequate sample size, or lack of proper statistical tests reported [88]. Therefore, future studies in appropriate animal models or human clinical trials should account for the biological consequences of ectopic fat redistribution following weight gain post-SSFR.…”

Section: Other Considerations and Future Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic aspects of surgical subcutaneous fat removal: an umbrella review and implications for future research

Badran

Doi

Hamdi

et al. 2022

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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Although obesity is a preventable disease, maintaining a normal body weight can be very challenging and difficult, which has led to a significant increase in the demand for surgical subcutaneous fat removal (SSFR) to improve physical appearance. The need for SSFR is further exacerbated because of the global rise in the number of bariatric surgeries, which is currently the single most durable intervention for mitigating obesity. Fat tissue is now recognized as a vital endocrine organ that produces several bioactive proteins. Thus, SSFR-mediated weight (fat) loss can potentially have significant metabolic effects; however, currently, there is no consensus on this issue. This review focuses on the metabolic sequelae after SSFR interventions for dealing with cosmetic body appearance. Data was extracted from existing systematic reviews and the diversity of possible metabolic changes after SSFR are reported along with gaps in the knowledge and future directions for research and practice. We conclude that there is a potential for metabolic sequelae after SSFR interventions and their clinical implications for the safety of the procedures as well as for our understanding of subcutaneous adipose tissue biology and insulin resistance are discussed.

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A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

Cited by 4 publications

References 83 publications

Metabolic effects of lipectomy and of adipose tissue transplantation

Metabolic effects of lipectomy and of adipose tissue transplantation

Failure of subcutaneous lipectomy to combat metabolic dysregulations in ovariectomy-induced obesity in young female rats

Metabolic aspects of surgical subcutaneous fat removal: an umbrella review and implications for future research

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