A Systematic Review on the Role of Imaging in Early Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Visschere, Pieter De; Standaert, Chloë; Fütterer, Jurgen J.; Villeirs, Geert; Panebianco, Valeria; Walz, Jochen; Maurer, Tobias; Hadaschik, Boris; Lecouvet, Frédéric; Giannarini, Gianluca; Fanti, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.euo.2018.09.010

Cited by 148 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Over the last decade, mpMRI has been increasingly used in patients with PCa. Recently, multiple research groups evaluated potential of mpMRI for BCR prediction . Comparison between studies is severely limited, since large differences in methodologies exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomy using routine clinical prostate multiparametric MRI and decipher genomic score

Jambor

Falagario

Ratnani

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Background Biochemical recurrence (BCR) affects a significant proportion of patients who undergo robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Purpose To evaluate the performance of a routine clinical prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and Decipher genomic classifier score for prediction of biochemical recurrence in patients who underwent RALP. Study Type Retrospective cohort study. Subjects Ninety‐one patients who underwent RALP performed by a single surgeon, had mpMRI before RALP, Decipher taken from RALP samples, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) follow‐up for >3 years or BCR within 3 years, defined as PSA >0.2 mg/ml. Field Strength/Sequence mpMRI was performed at 27 different institutions using 1.5T (n = 10) or 3T scanners and included T2w, diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), or dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI. Assessment All mpMRI studies were reported by one reader using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System v. 2.1 (PI‐RADsv2.1) without knowledge of other findings. Eighteen (20%) randomly selected cases were re‐reported by reader B to evaluate interreader variability. Statistical Tests Univariate and multivariate analysis using greedy feature selection and tournament leave‐pair‐out cross‐validation (TLPOCV) were used to evaluate the performance of various variables for prediction of BCR, which included clinical (three), systematic biopsy (three), surgical (six: RALP Gleason Grade Group [GGG], extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, intraoperative surgical margins [PSM], final PSM, pTNM), Decipher (two: Decipher score, Decipher risk category), and mpMRI (eight: prostate volume, PSA density, PI‐RADv2.1 score, MRI largest lesion size, summed MRI lesions' volume and relative volume [MRI‐lesion‐percentage], mpMRI ECE, mpMRI seminal vesicle invasion [SVI]) variables. The evaluation metric was the area under the curve (AUC). Results Forty‐eight (53%) patients developed BCR. The best‐performing individual features with TLPOCV AUC of 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–0.82) were RALP GGG, MRI‐lesion‐percentage followed by biopsy GGG (0.72, 0.62–0.82), and Decipher score (0.71, 0.60–0.82). The best performance was achieved by feature selection of Decipher+Surgery and MRI + Surgery variables with TLPOCV AUC of 0.82 and 0.81, respectively Data Conclusion Relative lesion volume measured on a routine clinical mpMRI failed to outperform Decipher score in BCR prediction. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1075–1085.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, multiple research groups evaluated potential of mpMRI for BCR prediction. 9,29 Comparison between studies is severely limited, since large differences in methodologies exist. Moreover, prior studies did not provide access to patient-level data to enable external reproduction of the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomy using routine clinical prostate multiparametric MRI and decipher genomic score

Jambor

Falagario

Ratnani

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Expression of PSMA is increased in more aggressive PCa . Since the first report of the use of 68 Ga‐PSMA PET in 2012, there has been a growing body of evidence that this technique is superior to other imaging approaches, both in the primary as well as in the recurrence setting . 68 Ga‐PSMA PET has demonstrated a significantly higher detection rate than choline PET/CT and a high overall impact on management .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of gallium‐68 prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron‐emission tomography for detecting lymph node metastases in primary and recurrent prostate cancer and location of recurrence after radical prostatectomy: an overview of the current literature

Luiting¹,

Leeuwen

Busstra³

et al. 2019

BJU International

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ObjectivesTo review the literature to determine the sensitivity and specificity of gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen ( 68 Ga-PSMA) positron-emission tomography (PET) for detecting pelvic lymph node metastases in patients with primary prostate cancer (PCa), and the positive predictive value in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after initial curative treatment, and, in addition, to determine the detection rate and management impact of 68 Ga-PSMA PET in patients with BCR after radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and MethodsWe performed a comprehensive literature search. Search terms used in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Science Direct were '(PSMA, 68 Ga-PSMA, 68 Gallium-PSMA, Ga-68-PSMA or prostate-specific membrane antigen)' and '(histology, lymph node, staging, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, recurrence, recurrent or detection)'. Relevant abstracts were reviewed and full-text articles obtained where possible. References to and from obtained articles were searched to identify further relevant articles. ResultsNine retrospective and two prospective studies described the sensitivity and specificity of 68 Ga-PSMA PET for detecting pelvic lymph node metastases before initial treatment, which ranged from 33.3% to 100% and 80% to 100%, respectively. In eight retrospective studies, the positive predictive value of 68 Ga-PSMA PET in patients with BCR before salvage lymph node dissection ranged from 70% to 100%. The detection rate of 68 Ga-PSMA PET in patients with BCR after RP in the PSA subgroups <0.2 ng/mL, 0.2-0.49 ng/mL and 0.5 to <1.0 ng/ mL ranged from 11.3% to 50.0%, 20.0% to 72.7% and 25.0% to 87.5%, respectively. ConclusionThe review results showed that 68 Ga-PSMA PET had a high specificity for the detection of pelvic lymph node metastases in primary PCa. Furthermore, 68 Ga-PSMA PET had a very high positive predictive value in detecting lymph node metastases in patients with BCR. By contrast, sensitivity was only moderate; therefore, based on the currently available literature, 68 Ga-PSMA PET cannot yet replace pelvic lymph node dissection to exclude lymph node metastases. In the salvage phase, 68 Ga-PSMA PET had both a high detection rate and impact on radiotherapy planning in early BCR after RP. Keywords 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, pelvic lymph node dissection, detection rate, pelvic lymph node metastases, #ProstateCancer, #PCSM Use of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT after RP: review IQR, interquartile range; LNM, lymph node metastases. *Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography ( 68 Ga-PSMA PET)/MRI was used instead of 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT. 208

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“…A new molecular marker, such as PSMA, is one of the promising candidates for establishing appropriate and effective treatment strategies for prostate cancer. A diagnostic modality using 68 Ga‐PSMA PET might completely change the treatment strategy for oligometastatic prostate cancer, which is invisible to traditional diagnostic modalities . A targeted therapy using 177Lu‐PSMA617 would also have an important role for CRPC, which is refractory to all available agents at present …”

Section: Net Benefit Of Screening For Prostate Cancer and Future Persmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

et al. 2019

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Differences in the incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer between the USA and Japan have been decreasing over time, and were only twofold in 2017. Therefore, countermeasures against prostate cancer could be very important not only in Western countries, but also in developed Asian countries. Screening for prostate cancer in the general population using transrectal ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and/or prostate acid phosphatase began in Japan in the early 1980s, and screening with prostate‐specific antigen and digital rectal examination has been widespread in the USA since the late 1980s. Large‐ and mid‐scale randomized controlled trials on screening for prostate cancer began around 1990 in the USA, Canada and Europe. However, most of these studies failed as randomized controlled trials because of high contamination in the control arm, low compliance in the screening arm or insufficient screening setting about screening frequency and/or biopsy indication. The best available level 1 evidence is data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer and the Göteborg screening study. However, several non‐urological organizations and lay media around the world have mischaracterized the efficacy of prostate‐specific antigen screening. To avoid long‐term confusion about screening for prostate cancer, leading professional urological organizations, including the Japanese Urological Association, are moving toward the establishment of an optimal screening system that minimizes the drawbacks of overdetection, overtreatment and loss of quality of life due to treatment, and maximizes reductions in the risk of death as a result of prostate cancer and the development of metastatic prostate cancer.

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A Systematic Review on the Role of Imaging in Early Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Cited by 148 publications

References 145 publications

Prediction of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomy using routine clinical prostate multiparametric MRI and decipher genomic score

Prediction of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomy using routine clinical prostate multiparametric MRI and decipher genomic score

Use of gallium‐68 prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron‐emission tomography for detecting lymph node metastases in primary and recurrent prostate cancer and location of recurrence after radical prostatectomy: an overview of the current literature

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

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