A Systematic Review of U.S.-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake Intervention Systematic Reviews: Available Evidence and Lessons Learned for Research and Practice

Young, Belinda-Rose; Gwede, Clement K.; Thomas, Bria N.; Vázquez-Otero, Coralia; Ewing, Aldenise; Best, Alicia L.; Loi, Claudia X. Aguado; Martinez-Tyson, Dinorah; Schneider, Tali; Meade, Cathy D.; Baldwin, Julie A.; Bryant, Carol A.

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00145

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some studies did not report odds ratios so the decision was made to calculate odds ratios for all studies based on the data presented in each article. A systematic review of U.S.-based CRC screening interventions reported that CRC screening interventions which include a combination of screening methods might be most effective; however, most clinic-based interventions might need to provide the array of screening options if they are part of their menu of services [47]. Some clinics, such as federally-qualified health centers (FQHC), might only provide stool blood testing and referral to colonoscopy, so these types of clinics would be more likely to be study sites for a stool blood testing approach only.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase Stool Blood Colorectal Cancer Screening in African Americans

et al. 2020

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African Americans experience colorectal cancer (CRC) related disparities compared to other racial groups in the United States. African Americans are frequently diagnosed with CRC at a later stage, screening is underutilized, and mortality rates are highest in this group. This systematic review focused on intervention studies using stool blood CRC screening among African Americans in primary care and community settings. Given wide accessibility, low cost, and ease of dissemination of stool-based CRC screening tests, this review aims to determine effective interventions to improve participation rates. This systematic review included intervention studies published between January 1, 2000 and March 16, 2019. After reviewing an initial search of 650 studies, 11 studies were eventually included in this review. The included studies were studies conducted in community and clinical settings, using both inreach and outreach strategies to increase CRC screening. For each study, an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for the CRC screening intervention compared to the control arm was calculated based on the data in each study to report effectiveness. The eleven studies together recruited a total of 3334 participants. The five studies using two-arm experimental designs ranged in effectiveness with ORs ranging from 1.1 to 13.0 using interventions such as mailed reminders, patient navigation, and tailored educational materials. Effective strategies to increase stool blood testing included mailed stool blood tests augmented by patient navigation, tailored educational materials, and follow-up calls or mailings to increase trust in the patient-provider relationship. More studies are needed on stool blood testing interventions to determine effectiveness in this population.

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Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase Stool Blood Colorectal Cancer Screening in African Americans

et al. 2020

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“…A combination of the FOBT and lower-GI endoscopy (sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy) could increase the accuracy of screening programs for the detection of colorectal neoplasia, suggesting combination methods as the most effective CRC screening method [227,228]. In addition, considering risk stratification to identify high-risk individuals was suggested to increase the effectiveness of CRC screening programs.…”

Section: Combination and Risk-based Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Roshandel,

Ghasemi-Kebria,

Malekzadeh

2024

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.

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“…The third pivotal diagnostic branch, laboratory medicine, is also deeply involved in cancer diagnostics. Its current contribution is minimal for the diagnosis, at least compared to that provided by pathology and radiology, since it is almost limited to assessment of a narrow number of biomarkers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening, human papilloma virus (HPV) molecular diagnostics for the screening of cervical cancer, or faecal occult blood test (FOBT) for colorectal cancer screening (46)(47)(48). The vast majority of other molecular or phenotypic biomarkers that can be measured in routine clinical laboratories are instead used for disease monitoring and for guiding prognostic and therapeutic decisions (49).…”

Section: Integrated Diagnostics In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated diagnostics

Lippi

Plebani

2020

Biochem. med. (Online)

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The current scenario of in vitro and in vivo diagnostics can be summarized using the “silo metaphor”, where laboratory medicine, pathology and radiology are three conceptually separated diagnostic disciplines, which will increasingly share many comparable features. The substantial progresses in our understanding of biochemical-biological interplays that characterize many human diseases, coupled with extraordinary technical advances, are now generating important multidisciplinary convergences, leading the way to a new frontier, called integrated diagnostics. This new discipline, which is currently defined as convergence of imaging, pathology and laboratory tests with advanced information technology, has an enormous potential for revolutionizing diagnosis and therapeutic management of human diseases, including those causing the largest number of worldwide deaths (i.e. cardiovascular disease, cancer and infectious diseases). However, some important drawbacks should be overcome, mostly represented by insufficient information technology infrastructures, costs and enormous volume of different information that will be integrated and delivered. To overcome these hurdles, some specific strategies should be defined and implemented, such as planning major integration of exiting information systems or developing innovative ones, combining bioinformatics and imaging informatics, using health technology assessment for assessing cost and benefits, providing interpretative comments in integrated reports, developing and using expert systems and neural networks, overcoming cultural and political boundaries for generating multidisciplinary teams and integrated diagnostic algorithms.

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A Systematic Review of U.S.-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake Intervention Systematic Reviews: Available Evidence and Lessons Learned for Research and Practice

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase Stool Blood Colorectal Cancer Screening in African Americans

Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase Stool Blood Colorectal Cancer Screening in African Americans

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Integrated diagnostics

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