A systematic review of the efficacy, safety and satisfaction of regenerative medicine treatments, including platelet‐rich plasma, stromal vascular fraction and stem cell‐conditioned medium for hypertrophic scars and keloids

Abstract

The primary objective of this study is to examine the efficiency of various regenerative medicine approaches, such as platelet‐rich plasma, cell therapy, stromal vascular fraction, exosomes and stem cell‐conditioned medium, in the process of healing hypertrophic and keloid scars. Major databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched, and based on the content of the articles and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were selected. Out of these eight articles, there were two non‐randomized clinical trial studies (25%), one randomized, single‐blinded comparative study (12.5%), one retrospective clinical observational study (12.5%) and four randomized clinical trial studies (50%). We employed EndNote X8 and Google Sheets to conduct article reviews and extract relevant data. Following the review phase, the studies underwent analysis and categorization. In all eight reviewed studies, the effectiveness of regenerative medicine in treating hypertrophic scars and keloids has been proven. Out of these studies, five (62.5%) focused on the effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma, two study (25%) examined the effectiveness of stromal vascular fraction and one study (12.5%) explored the efficacy of stem cell‐conditioned medium. In two studies (25%), the treatment methods were added to standard treatment, while in six studies (75%), regenerative medicine was used as the sole treatment method and compared with standard treatment. The use of these treatment methods did not result in any serious side effects for the patients. Regenerative medicine is an effective method with minimal side effects for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. It can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with other treatment methods. However, further studies are needed to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of all sub‐branches of this method.

Regenerative medicine in the treatment of specific dermatologic disorders: a systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

“…One potential way PRP aids in healing inflammatory skin lesions is by releasing a variety of growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and TGF-β, from alpha platelet granules. This increase in TGF-β levels can then trigger negative feedback within the signaling pathways involved in inflammation [ 1 ].…”

“…Regenerative medicine is a crucial field of medicine known for its effectiveness in treating numerous inflammatory and degenerative diseases. This treatment approach encompasses various methods such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), stromal vascular fraction (SVF), conditioned media, and the transplantation of autologous epidermal melanocyte/keratinocyte cells [ 1 – 3 ].…”

“…Regenerative medicine is a crucial field of medicine known for its effectiveness in treating numerous inflammatory and degenerative diseases. This treatment approach encompasses various methods such as plateletrich plasma (PRP), stromal vascular fraction (SVF), conditioned media, and the transplantation of autologous epidermal melanocyte/keratinocyte cells [1][2][3]. These methods, through multiple pathways, ultimately lead to a singular result, which is the reversal of the inflammatory and degeneration processes by releasing cell factors and cytokines as well as promoting the proliferation of stem cells.…”

Pharmacotherapy for Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars

“…Their beneficial potential rests on the ability to deliver a high concentration of growth factors to the target tissues [356]. In addition, platelets are important donors of mitochondria, and platelet-derived mitochondria can promote wound healing by reducing apoptosis caused by oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells [357]. The efficiency of various regenerative medicine approaches, such as platelet-rich plasma, cell therapy, stromal vascular fraction, exosomes and stem cell-conditioned medium, are continually emerging with a focus on personalized, patient-specific treatments, and it is reported that regenerative medicine is an effective method with minimal side effects that can be used in the treatment of HTSs and KDs [353,[358][359][360].…”

Knowledge and Practice of Scar Treatment Among Health Care Physicians in Saudi Arabia

“…Research has shown that it can effectively treat a number of problems, including alopecia, acne, melasma, burn scars, and skin hyperpigmentation [9]. Many over-the-counter and prescription topical treatments are available that promise to reduce discomfort, enhance the look of scars, and speed the healing process of wounds.…”